Problems Of Urban Child Family Support

With the implementation of one-child policy, the only child becomes one of the peculiar phenomena in our country. In recent years, as our social continuously developing, the family structure tends to be more simple, which shows the characteristics of core and miniaturization. Providing for the aged in China’s traditional family has been faced with severe challenges. The only child family at its essence is a risky family and the family structure of “four two one” highlights its vulnerability.Compared with the family which has many children, the only child family is faced with more risk in pension. Compared with city, the development of urban economy is backward, the social infrastructures are imperfect, the social institutions are lack of pension service. In addition, the overload pension burden of one child and the increasing empty nester makes it more worrying for urban one-child family endowment. Although today’s one-child family endowment problems not break out in large-scale, these problems began to appear unceasingly, based on future and focus on the present. In the future it will be more and more serious, and more problems may appearance.Therefore, more attentions should be paid to these problems, necessary measures should be taken to prevent these risks.This paper reviews the current researches on the one-child family pension of domestic scholars and experts, using four research methods: document analysis, questionnaire survey, comparative study, structured interview and based on the theoretical bases of Maslow’s theory, public goods theory and the theory of the aging population.According to the theoretical analysis above, this paper chooses the town on Gushi County, Henan Province as a case of social survey. It compared and analyzed the current situation of pension between urban one-girl family and multiple-child family in town, as well as the difference between two kinds of families in housing Conditions, pension financial resources, insured situation, community services expectation. It also has a case analysis on the families in different situation: the only child died family, the one-child accidental injured family, the one-child in good health family.According to the analysis of pension situation in one-child family in town of Gushi County, It draws a conclusion on the existing problems of one-child family endowment in urban, then puts forward the countermeasures based on theoretical analysis and survey result: to strengthen the family’s pension security function, to improve the sense of parent of one-child, to define governmental responsibilities, to improve the old-age service system, to raise the level of professional care, to improve the community endowment system. At the same time, this paper also puts forward to pay close attention to the pension situation in the one-child fortuitous casualty family.