A Study On The Plight And Social Support Of Poor Rural Families

Since two "hundred year" objectives were put forward in the 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, Chinese people of all ethnic groups are gradually moving towards the intended target under the strong leadership of the party. And the first one hundred goal is to build a well-off society in an all-round way before 2020, and whether the poor can smooth out of poverty determines the achievement of a well-off society in an all-round way. Therefore, poverty alleviation and elimination is not only one of the standards of local achievements appraisal, it also rises to the development strategy on the national level. The poor households in Taihu county, Anhui province are selected as the research object, it discusses the background, the performance and characteristics of rural poverty. Poor families’plight in achieving prosperity affects the effective capital accumulation and becomes the key reason of poverty problems. The solutions are put forward in view of the poor families’plight in achieving prosperity, considering the system support, resource support and emotional support of the theory of social support.The first part of the thesis expounds the research background and research significance. Poverty issue is a global and social problem; it has complex causes, different controlling measures and has different achievement. Significance of eliminating poverty is embodied in the national people-oriented thoughts, the humanitarian concern of the society and the respect of the personal living right. For China, the poverty population of 70 million is a short board on building a comprehensive well-off society, and whether the poor can shake off poverty smoothly plays a decisive role in building a comprehensive well-off society. Therefore, poverty elimination and getting rich is not only a national development strategy goal, it also reflects the government’s efforts to narrow the social gap between the rich and the poor, promote the fair distribution of social resources, pay attention to the livelihood of the people. It is also a showcase of the superiority of socialist system and the reality practice of developing the concept of "sharing".The second part reviews poverty concept, collective action theory and social support theory. The concept of poverty involves not only the economic level of material, wealth growth, but covers the impact of individual or collective capital’s possession degree on poverty in the field of sociology, this impact is characterized through more controllable social problems, including the dignity of the poor, happiness and value realization, etc. Poor family’s collective action plight is divided into two situations:One is that action capacity is constrained, limited and restricted; another refers to the capability which acts out of control and has potential threat to social stability. And as a social fact, social support provides a theoretical basis for resolving collective action dilemma from the aspects of system support, resources support and emotional support.The third part explores the causes, characteristics and performance of the formation of poor families. In the period of social transition, the widening income gap, social interest disorders and unreasonable allocation are the explicit reasons for rural families’ poverty under the macro social environment. As for Taihu County, relatively backward idea, limited family labor force, adverse geographical environment, scarce available resources and unfulfilled fund support are the common characteristics of poor families. These factors not only bring about action plight of the collective hitchhiking, irrational participation and mass protest to poor families; It is also reflected in the relative deprivation of individual members of the family happiness, the repulsion of integration to rural social, the chaos of the identification of social value and intermittent occurrence of potential deviant behavior.The fourth part studies the dissolving mechanism of the social support to the action plight. There exists internal relationship of mutual influence between collective action and individual behavior. From the perspective of social support theory, rigid standards are established through system support to promote the establishment of fair mechanism, so as to resolve poverty families’system plight of hitchhike, provide them with motivation actively; Resources support is provided to promote social resource’s effective and balanced supply, so as to change the traditional way of capital accumulation of poor families and to change the plight of its limited action capability; Emotional support is provided to strengthen internal unity and the effectiveness of the action, keeping the collective energy, strengthening the sense of belonging of family members, stimulating the potential and creativity of shaking off poverty and realizing the social value of collective action.The fifth part puts forward countermeasures and suggestions according to the specific situation of Taihu county’s poor families. The main purpose of mechanism construction is to focus on the deconstruction of coordination problem on the theoretical level. Countermeasures, can be applied in practice, the preset methods to solve practical problems. According to Taihu county’s actual development planning, the main measures of solving the plight include the following aspects:First, the applicants for poor qualification must be selected precisely, recording document tent card number; Second, the road to industry development needs to be continuously explored in the poor areas, strengthening the rural collective economic force; Third, all kinds of resources should be supported to realize the holistic planning, and the projects with specific arrangement; Fourth, the special aid-the-poor funds should be utilized at maximum and fund supervision system should be established; Fifth, the assessment of the work of the poverty alleviation team should be strengthened, and the power and responsibility of the poverty alleviation should be clear; Last but not least, reasonable rewards and punishment system should be established to improve the quality and efficiency of poverty alleviation.In conclusion, poverty is one of the major concerns in our society, and also the short board of China’s comprehensive well-off society. The supplement of the short board not only needs the poverty alleviation mechanism with the central government’s coordination, local governments’cooperation at all levels, the specific departments’ main controlling, and the active participation of all walks of life, it also needs to give play to the role of social security and welfare policies, ensuring the poverty alleviation and re-poverty. Besides, at the same time the reconstruction of the rural social work needs to be promoted to build beautiful new countryside, promote rural charm and provide endogenous impetus for farmers to get rich.