An Empirical Research And Solutions On Innovation Efficiency Based On SFA For Colleges And Universities

Innovation is an important part of national core competitiveness. As the main part of innovation in science and technology studies and cooperation, colleges and universities have been struggling to improve their innovation ability for many years. In addition, they also have a big effect on technological innovation and personnel training. However, different colleges and universities have variant innovation efficiencies because of their particular situation. This paper provides reference for colleges and universities to allocate resource and make innovation system.First of all, this paper describes the innovation efficiency theory of colleges and universities, studies evaluation model and constructs evaluation model of innovation efficiency on SFA. Then in the part of empirical analysis, this paper measures the innovation efficiency for colleges and universities of five original ministries based on the method of SFA from 2010 to 2014. The paper also analyze the factors of innovation efficiency. Seeing the colleges and universities of one ministry as one evaluation unit, we get the following conclusions. First, the contribution of human resource to innovation efficiency was greater than that of research and development expenditure. Second, compared with the process of transforming knowledge into scientific and technological achievements, there existed more useless factors among the process of transforming scientific and technological achievements into market value. Third, colleges and universities of Education Ministry had an advantage in the previous procedure. As to factors, international interflow had a positive function on generating innovative scientific and technological achievements, while structure of the research and development projects had a positive function on transforming scientific and technological achievements into market value. Colleges and universities also have big promotion space in transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Generally speaking, colleges and universities should take comprehensive advantages of disciplines and talents to improve their innovation efficiency.In the end, we put forward suggestions to improve the innovation efficiency of colleges and universities from three aspects:input, output and environment.