Research On Balanced Development Of Compulsory Education Under The Background Of Diversified Supplies And Demands

Balanced development of education has been a hot study spots in Chinese education-concerned academic circle for years. The series of measures presented by Prime LI Ke-qiang in the 2015 General Plan for the National People’s Congress and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(NPC &CPPCC) were aimed at promoting balanced development of compulsory education in China. The compulsory education in China has achieved great progressions since the reform and opening-up policy. However, the central and local two-level systems concerning financial investment aggravated original unbalanced allocation of educational resources. Tracing to the roots, the urban and rural dual economic structure systems and education-concerned internal structural gaps caused by Chinese policies and systems are the concentrated characteristics as well as significant causes of unbalanced education development.From the macroscopic perspective of balanced compulsory education development in China, the paper took conditions concerning balanced development of compulsory education in Ya’an City as the object for empirical research. By thorough analysis on existing general issues concerning compulsory education in China and based on comprehensive summary on universality and specificity of issues existing during the development of compulsory education in Ya’an City, corresponding measures were presented.The paper is divided into six sections. The first section is the introduction,majorly explaining research background, research significance, research achievements in China and other countries, definitions of concepts, research methods, and innovations and shortcomings of the paper. The second section, the theoretical preparations, conducts theoretical explanation on supplies and demands of compulsory education from the perspectives of educational supply and demand and explains theories related to balance-oriented compulsory education. The third section, concerning current conditions of compulsoryeducation in Ya’an City under the perspectives of supply and demand, presents compulsory education-concerned current conditions in Ya’an City, including student average expenditure, teacher-student amount ratio, educational background and subject distribution of teachers, teaching hardware facilities and others, with official data. In addition, the methods of interview and investigation were used to investigate current conditions concerning detailed demands of compulsory education in Ya’an City on three aspects, including individual-concerned aspect, urbanization course of social development and reverse requirements of scientific and technological progresses. The fourth section analyzes causes of unbalanced compulsory education in Ya’an City, conducting deep analysis from aspects including constraints of elite philosophy on balanced development of compulsory education, impacts of financial systems on government supplies, imperfect system of transfer payment from the exchequer,loopholes of legal system and judicial system, urban and rural dual-structure caused- dual census register system, gambling among different interest groups and deviated public choice mechanism and shortage of teacher resource for the stage of compulsory education in Ya’an City. According to existing issues in Ya’an City,corresponding measures and suggestions are presented in the fifth section majorly from five aspects, including integrating social and individual needs, reforming from the aspect of supply, applying modern technologies, exploring integration of urban and rural education and improving financial investment-concerned policies.