Study On The Developing Strategic Choice Of Featured Rural Urbanization In Western China

Urbanization is an inevitable stage in the course of human development as well as the natural historical process in the optimization of economic structure, improving the quality of people’s life and the social civilization. As one of the most important areas for economic and social development in our country, the urbanization in western China becomes an important part of our country’s modernization. As the implement of policies of the Great Western Development Strategy and the national planning for developing functional zones deepened, the new urbanization strategy begins. Urbanization is very important for solving the problems of the "three rural issues", balancing urban and rural development, strengthening national solidarity, maintaining the stability of the border areas, narrowing the gap between Eastern and Western China, and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of national economy and society. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the path of urbanization in rural Western China and promote the urbanization process.The western China, possessing its abundant resources, beautiful sceneries and splendid cultures, has a vast populous territory. However, due to its fragile ecological environment, regional disadvantage, limited economic foundation, urban and rural dual-structure block, stale cultural values and institutional constraints, the process of urbanization in West China has been seriously hampered. Its regional development presents characteristics like space marginality, environmental conflicts, cultural nationality, and external mechanism. There still exists a series of problems in the process of urbanization in western China:low growth rate, low level of urbanization, unreasonable system of urban structure, imperfect system function, out-dated management level, low level of opening up, and so on. Therefore, this paper attempts to explore a unique path for the rural urbanization of western China.W. A. Lewis, D. W. Jorgenson and M. P. Todaro proposed and promoted the dual economic theory, which give agriculture a great essential role to economic development. New institutional economics represented by Ronald· H. Coase, Douglass· C. North and Oliver· Eaton. Williamson represent the new institutional economics, described that institutional factors play a critical role in economic growth. We should be aware of the big gaps between urban and rural areas in the level of economic development, lifestyles, public services, social securities. Furthermore, western China suffers from more institutional constraints of urbanization. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the fundamental function of agriculture, as well as to the principle of balancing urban-rural development in the process of developing unique rural urbanization in western China. We also need to reform land system, Hukou system, social security system, investment financial system, and city management system to ensure the continuous, rapid and ordered development of urbanization.In conclusion, the unique urbanization of western China should be based on the agricultural modernization, directed by the principles of sustainable development, and guaranteed by the policy system. To balance three industry developments, adjust measures according to local conditions, cultivate local characterized industry, establish a reasonable and orderly urban systems, improve the level of urban public services and the urban quality, innovate institutional arrangements of urbanization development and improve the dynamic mechanism of combining the government macroeconomic management with the market-driven economic system should also be considered. We should catch the opportunity of the next urbanization and make full use of the Great West Development Strategy to build a unique urbanization path of rural western China, and to realize the sustainable, rapid and healthy urbanization in rural western China.