| Poverty is the root cause of social unrest, economic fluctuations and the ill hinderof building a harmonious society. How to eliminate poverty is an issue that the wholeworld facing with currently. As a developing country, China has a large population, aweak economic foundation, with great differences of natural geographical conditionsand economic base, the task of anti-poverty is arduous. Xinjiang is located in theChinese hinterland, harsh natural conditions, weak economic foundation, too big apoor population figure and coverage scale of area, make the poverty-elimination taskmore difficult. Government as the sole subject of macro-control is the main bearer ofpoverty-elimination, its functions and duties also determined the obligation of povertyeradication for it’s people. The World Bank noted on the “World Report” that thefunctions of government are divided into three: basic functions, general functions andpositive functions, in which the basic functions require the government to protectionof the poor, formulation of anti-poverty programs and elimination of disease. Xinjianggradually increase the speed of social and economic development since the reformand opening up, especially the implementation of the western development aid policyand their counterparts in the economic growth rate is at the forefront of the country,the Xinjiang government plays an active role in these achievements, but the enormityof supporting the poor still exists. Especially in the three southern states, contiguouspoor areas remain still. The government needs to identify the most effective ways toreduce poverty from multiple angles, with the fastest and most effective way torelieve and eliminate poverty, achieve leapfrog development and common prosperity.The article first review the theoretical and practical significance as well asdomestic and foreign research from the start, clear the meaning of governmentpoverty alleviation and poverty combined with research experience in domestic andforeign government, specifically the mechanism and pathways government povertyalleviation; then combined with the current social and economic poverty-strickencounties in Xinjiang development status and government poverty alleviation funds,both from the theoretical and practical aspects of the problem and identify the causes of poverty exist in the work in Xinjiang, and use OLS method measuring the totalamount and structure of Xinjiang1994-2013fiscal relief funds and poor counties ruralper capita net income as an indicator to do empirical analysis, the results showed that:(1) poverty alleviation in Xinjiang task is still arduous, with the size of the populationin poor areas to determine the new standard is still huge, though net income of thepoor people in the region grew significantly, but from Xinjiang the average level of acertain gap, backward infrastructure in poor areas, especially low basic educationand basic health facilities coverage, it is difficult to match the needs of economicdevelopment;(2) the industrial structure of poor areas is bad, first and secondaryindustries accounted for relatively small difficult to form a characteristic economy ofscale advantage;(3) financial funds investment scale are being increased, but relativeto the low GDP growth in poor areas.Social development can bring more revenue forfarmers, science and technology investment leads directly to poverty alleviation,butnow it not directly enhance the income of farmers. Finally, on this basis, combinedwith Xinjiang "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" proposed in the government povertyalleviation work should build government, business, non-profit organizations as wellas poverty alleviation mechanism of one of the four individual farmers, to increaseinvestment in human capital, attention vocational and technical training of farmers inpoor areas, innovative anti-poverty funds financing channels, adjust the industrialstructure and characteristics of poverty-stricken areas of economic developmentmodel, the resource advantages into economic advantages. |
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