Research On The Contribution Rate Of Fishery Scientific And Technological Progress In China

Fishery is an important component of agriculture, and the development of the national economy is closely related to fishery. The development of fishery plays an important role in promoting the adjustment of rural industrial structure, increasing farmers’ income, safeguarding the effective supply of aquatic product, optimizing of national food structure etc. China is a big country of fishery and the total output of Chinese aquatic product ranks first place in the world, but to realize the well development of fishery, we still have a long way to go. In order to achieve sound and rapid development of fishery and promote the improvement of productivity, a very important condition is the progress of science and technology. To develop fishery,fundamentally speaking, is to achieve the transition from traditional fishery to modern fishery. As to achieve this goal, we must rely on scientific and technological progress to increase capital utilization rate and labor productivity. Therefore, further study of the scientific and technological progress effects on fishery economy, correctly understanding and evaluation of the role of science and technology in economic development of fishery and quantitative measurement and analysis are very important to identify the problem of fishery science and technology development, formulate the effective policy of scientific and technological progress, and promote the rapid and healthy development of fishery economy.This paper first gives comprehensive analysis of the domestic and foreign research about the role of science and technology, the calculation method of scientific and technological progress contribution rate and the scientific and technological progress contribution to the fishery.Secondly, the paper presents the status of fishery technology and fishery economy and illustrates the path of fishery science and technology promoting economic growth. Thirdly, after the comparison and analysis of various calculation methods of scientific and technological contribution rate as well as several elastic coefficient estimation methods, the suitable methods of contribution rate calculation model and parameter estimation are selected, and then carries on the empirical analysis. Finally, based on the analysis of calculation results and reasons, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The detail contents are as follows.The first part describes the background and the purpose of the study and points out the theoretical and practical significance of the scientific and technological progresscontribution to fishery economy. Then this part introduces the domestic and foreign research on scientific and technological progress, the calculation method of scientific and technological progress contribution rate and the present research situation of scientific and technological progress contribution rate of fishery, as well as explains the research methods, path and the main innovative points of this paper.In the second part, it first gives introduction of China’s current achievements of fishery science and technology development and the existing problems. Secondly, the present Chinese fishery economy development situations are elaborated from the aspects of the fishery economic output, the output of aquatic products, import and export level of aquatic products, the income of fishermen and fishery workers. Then the existing problems of fishery economic development are summarized. Finally, it points out that the fishery scientific and technological progress can promote the economic growth of fishery from changing the fishery production factors, the fishery production process and the fishery structure optimization.The third part expounds several main measuring methods of the contribution rate of technological progress, including the Solow residual, the Cobb Douglas production function method(method of C-D production function), continuous elasticity of substitution function method(method of CES production function), growth factor analysis, data envelopment analysis(DEA method) and value analysis(the theory of CSH method), and then the advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared and analyzed. Next, the several methods of parameter estimation are described,including the distribution share method, the experience method, the regression analysis method and gray correlation analysis method. Lastly, according to the comparative analysis of various estimate methods, this paper selects Solow residual method as the calculation model for fishery scientific and technological progress contribution rate estimation and determines the gray correlation analysis method to estimate the elasticity of input factors.The fourth part mainly makes empirical analysis on the scientific and technological progress contribution rate of fishery. Firstly, it explains the source of index data and completes the data processing work. Secondly, by using the calculation model and the fishery economic data, the fishery scientific and technological progress contribution rate and the contribution rate of each input factor of every year and period are calculated out and the result indicates that Chinese fishery scientific and technological progress contribution rates of "Nine Fifth" period, “Ten Fifth” period, “Eleven Fifth” period and the first two years of “Twelve Fifth” period are 39.15%, 28.62%, 8.27% and-27.06%.Thirdly, the data analysis of various elements’ coefficient elasticities, growth rates and contribution rates is made based on the previous calculation results and the trend offishery factor contribution rate and the contribution rate of science and technology is well interpretated. Then, this part makes comparison of scientific and technological progress contribution rate between fishery and agriculture, and points out that the contribution of fishery science and technology level of China is still lagging behind.Lastly, this part makes the analysis of the reason of low fishery scientific and technological progress contribution rate.In the fifth part, the findings of the contribution rate of fishery technological progress in this paper are summarized. In connection with the reasons of the low fishery scientific and technological progress contribution rate, this part puts forward some suggestions such as increase investment in fishery science and technology, improve fishery science and technology innovation capacity, enhance fishery science and technology achievements efficiency, cultivate the quality of fishery workers and strengthen international cooperation and exchanges in science and technology in the fishery sector.Finally, as to the limitations and shortcomings of the article, this part puts forward the prospects for further research.