Study On The Co-opetition Relationship Of Yangtze River Delta Port Under The Strategy Of “the Belt And Road Initiative”

The strategic ideas of the "New Silk Road Economic Zone" and "21st Century Maritime Silk Road", lead maritime trade to occupy a more important position in the economic development of our country. As the trading platform of maritime trade, the port has become the subject of the international shipping center. In many domestic port groups, the port cluster of Yangtze River Delta is the best, which is formated by the Shanghai Port, main ports in Zhe Jiang Province and Jiang Su Province. However,because of the close distance between the ports, there are overlaping or the same economic hinter land. To improve their economic benefit and get more supply of goods,the competition among ports is still exist. The main problems are as follows: First, being independent of each other, ports have different administrative system and manage policy,which cause discordance, the shortage of communication, and even impact on the efficiency of port cargo distribution; Secondly being close to each other, they have disordered layout, undefined position, repeated function and similar types of goods;Thirdly, the link between central trunk and branch is immature and lack of effective cooperation, which brings about low efficiency of goods circulation between port and hinterland.Viewing from the perspective of social network analysis(SNA) of the overall network, this article takes the Yangtze River Delta port cluster as a whole network,regards ports in the region as network nodes, explores the competition and cooperation in the port group by constructing Port Co-opetition relational model. This article focuses on research in the following areas:(1) With describing research status of domestic and foreign ports, focuses on the shortcomings and deficiencies that scholars researched on the Yangtze River port; proposes existing problems in the development of the Yangtze River Delta port cluster based on the "along the way" strategy;(2)Analyzed the content of major large-scale port throughput, the infrastructure as well as other aspects of the advantages of natural conditions in Yangtze River Delta port cluster;(3) Based on port Co-opetition theory, Social Network theory and Labor Division theory, defines the content of this study is about competition between ports for the supply of goods in the hinterland; Therefore, the competition factors are the development of the port hinterland economy and the composition of the port cargo supply;(4) SPSS statistical methods has been used to divide harbor group hierarchy and preliminary determine functions of the port; Then builds the co-opetition model of Yangtze River Delta ports based on port co-opetition parameter decided by Port-Hinterland and Port-Cargo supply. Next, usessocial network analysis tool Ucinet software to convert co-opetition models into network matrix of the Yangtze River Delta port co-opetition relationship, thus analyzing network density of co-opetition relationship and centrality, central potential,intermediate characteristics of network nodes to make sure nodes functions of every port in the Yangtze River Delta.Finally, this paper proposes optimizational countermeasures of co-opetition relationship of the Yangtze River port: Firstly, development consensus among main port like Shanghai Port, Ningbo-Zhoushan Port and other auxiliary port must be reached;Secondly, proposes idea of "the government supervises, the association takes the lead,port enterprises work as the main". Thirdly, take port-level as the unit to make resource integration for the Yangtze River Delta port, laying the foundation for the integrated planning of port group; Fourthly, under the unified plan of "the Yangtze River Delta port area management committee", combined with "the Belt and Road Initiative" strategic requirements, complete the integration of the Yangtze River port in accordance with the "two centers", "two booster" "twovertical and two horizontal " collection and distribution networks layout arrangement.The significance of this study is, on one hand, to provide theoretical solutions to vicious competition and duplication between the Yangtze River Delta ports. Yangtze River Delta port cluster is the key hub on the butt of "Maritime Silk Road" and the "Silk Road economic belt". On the other hand, features of the Yangtze River port such as: the coordinated development, well arranged structure, precise location of the port function,rational use of resources and smooth customs clearance, play an exemplary role in the healthy development of other domestic port groups.