| Boiler as a thermal equipment is widely used in various fields in China, while it is also a pressurized device, so there is a certain risk when it operating. Once an accident has happened, it will take immeasurable losses. Therefore, much attention should be paid to boiler's safety operation supervision. Boiler is also one of the major energyconsuming facilities, most of which are coal-fired boilers in our country. The actual operation efficiency of the boiler in our country is relatively low, resulting in a huge waste of energy. Thus, energy-saving reformation also should be conducted effectively. In addition, not only the operation efficiency of the boiler is improved, but also the economy and operation reliability of it could be enhanced. On the other hand, the energy-saving reformation could reduce the coal consumption and waste emission.The safety operation supervision for boiler in Xinghua county mainly includes safety supervision, inspection and testing. The low-capacity coal-fired boilers predominate in the local region, which have the characters of large in number and wide in distribution. The safety awareness of people who engage in the boiler are not high enough and need to be strengthened. On this condition, it is quite difficult to supervise the safety operation for boiler and conduct any energy-saving reformation. This dissertation bases on the actual conditions of boilers in Xinghua county, and focuses on the safety operation supervision and energy saving reformation. The work and conclusions are as follows:(1) Based on the local boiler types, distributions, operation troubles and accidents, heating surface damage of boiler are the main accidents in the local region. The reason for the accidents are mostly about the failures of safety accessories, improper or with no boiler water treatment, which results in heating tube superheat leading to deformation and damage. What's more, it may also result in heat transfer deterioration and tubes explosion due to fouling. Consequently, we strengthened publicity, supervision and training efforts, and the rate of boiler accident has decreased year by year.(2) The criteria for adding medicine in boiler water is established on the basis of the water quality for boiler in local region, and the characteristics of the different water treatment technologies. By tracking the fouling and operating conditions of some boilers, the powder mixture of Na2CO3 and Na3PO4(proportion is 5:3)and a certain amount of HPMA aqueous solution is regarded as a feasible reagent combination. The amount of HPMA added in boiler water is according to the specific situation of boiler. Then the water treatment method is popularized in the whole county. The percent of boiler water quality is raised up to 86.5% and the fouling rate is dropped to 10.8%.The failure rate and accident rate are decreased.(3) The energy saving reformation as for the coal-fired organic heat transfer material heater(a kind of boiler, Model:YLM-7000MAII)is conducted. The semiautomatic model which combines power frequency with manual operation was transformed to an automatic model, which combines the variable-frequency technology with the automatic control technology. The control system can regulate the thermal loads of the boiler at real time according to the return oil temperature(267±2?)?In the meantime, the negative pressure(below atmospheric pressure) combustion control system can adjust the amount of exhaust smoke flow through the induced draft fan to maintain the combustion pressure in furnace within a certain limits(-30±2Pa), and thus can maintain the boiler operating at a constant negative pressure. After the reformation, the thermal efficiency of the boiler is improved by 4.44% and 9.6% coal could be saved, 23.17% electricity can be reduced. Moreover, the system can reduce the labor intensity. |
PDF Full Text Request