Research Of The Transition From Kindergarten To Primary School By The Ecology Of Human Development

In recent years, the transition from kindergarten to primary school is an important subject in the field of basic education, which is by the concerns of many researchers at home and abroad. It is a stage that the life of children has changed from the kindergarten to the primary school. And it’s also an important inflection point for children’s physiological, mental and social adaptabilities. Doing the work of the transition from the kindergarten to the primary school well and helping the children prepare to adapt the life of primary better, which has a significant meaning to children’s sustainable development in the physiological and mental aspects. However, as we all know, there are many obvious differences between the kindergarten and the primary that are influenced by the multiple environment factors. It will make the children who are in this transition period can not accommodate in varying degrees. What’s more, it also hinders the development of children.The ecology of human development theory puts a value on the interaction of human development and ecological environment. The theory divides the ecological environment which is connected with the individuals in direct and indirect ways into four levels: microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem. Applying the theory to the development of children that are placed in a hierarchical and pluralistic system provides a new perspective to study the problems of the transition from kindergarten to primary school.The study uses the research methods of literature review, personal interview, and questionnaire surveys to study the transition from kindergarten to primary school and also on the basis of the ecology of human development. It raises the exist problems and analyses the reasons in the transition from kindergarten to primary school from the aspects of microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem. And thus puts forward to the matching solution strategies.The main contents of this paper are divided as follows:Chapter 1, Introduction, this part includes the origins, the significance, the literature review, the definations, the method and innovation of this study.Chapter 2, this part summarizes the ecology of human development theory’s content; On the basis, it discusses the theoretical application in the transition of kindergarten and primary school. This chapter states the educational explanatory of microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem and macrosystem in the ecological environment.Chapter 3, this part presents the problems in the transition from kindergarten to primary school in China by using the ecology of human development theory and the research methods of literature review, personal interview, and questionnaire survey. In the microsystem aspect, the role definitions of children are indistinct; The abilities of children’s interpersonal skills are lack to cauese the difficult of building up the good interpersonal relationship; And the way and the content of the activities are simplification.In the mesosystem aspect, the kindergarten,the primary school and parents are deficient in the effective communication. In the exosystem aspect, parents spend less time and energy on the cultivation due to social pressure that the parents suffered too much; And the exploration and the integration of the community sourse are lackless.In the macrosystem aspect, the relative police and the law are hysteretic and the guarantee system is also not established completely.Chapter 4, this part presents the feasible strategies from the reality of the transition from kindergarten to primary school and the theory of the ecology of human development: In the microsystem aspect, Children experience and confirm the own roles by the activities; To establish the good interpersonal relationship is on the basis of cultivating the abilities of children’s interpersonal skills; And what’s more, emphasize to carry out the diversified activities. In the mesosystem aspect, enhance the communication and cooperation of the kindergarten, primary school and the family.In the exosystem aspect, the parents should improve their study abilities to adapt the needs of the society; Also, develop and ecploit the community sourse effectively. In the macrosystem aspect, complete the relative police,the law and the guarantee system step by step.