Fertility Intentions Of Enterprise Employees Only Child On The Two-child Policy

In the 1950 s and 1960 s, China and other developing countries had similar fertility rates which are at a high level.Until the beginning of the seventies of the last century, Chinese fertility rate declined rapidly.Until the 21 st century, Chinese total fertility rate has dropped to the level of 1.9.Course and speed of such a significant decline aroused widespread concern in the domestic and foreign scholars.Related studies show that the important reasons for the decline of Chinese fertility is the family planning policy.After 30 years of implementation,it put in place a clear improvement of family planning policy.With the evolution and improvement of family planning policy,it not only has a direct impact on the population of the number of Chinese society, but also has changed the population structure of our society.The type of population is changed from high fertility to low fertility.While the implementation of family planning policy has brought many positive effects, ultra-low fertility has changed social population structure,which directly or indirectly produced some negative effects and problems, such as the aging population, the sex ratio imbalance, inverse-out population quality and other issues.To alleviate social problems related to population, the decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening the Reform implemented the "single second child" family planning policy.While persisting in the basic national policy of family planning, we will initiate a policy that allows married couples to have two children if one of the parents is a single child, and gradually adjust and improve the birth policy to promote balanced population growth in the long run. On the occasion of the second child policies in the full liberalization,to born or not to born the second child arise the topic widely in the community.Upon the full implementation of the two-child policy, it will lead to a large area of fertility boom, or will have a "cold" phenomenon which is similar to a separate two-child policy.The problem that affects the development of future public decision-making should be solved.Objective:In such an environment and context,it have important practical significance to understand and grasp the willingness of our population growth, to discover the changes of people's intentions before and after the two-child policy, to find out the differences between the fertility desire and fertility behavior,and to analyze and forecast the trend of future fertility levels.Combined with the findings and discussion, it need to find out the specific performance and features for enterprise employees fertility inclination, thus to understand the general trend of the future fertility levels.And to give some targeted proposals for future planning work.The study tries to find the status of the fertility inclination of the only child who are enterprise workers, and to research and analyze the feature of the fertility desires under two-child policy Workers Groups systematically.Methods:It uses the ways of questionnaires and semi-structured interviews to investigate and analyze the fertility desire of the only child who are enterprise workers.It uses the Chinese CNKI and VIP database to retrieve relevant literature.It also uses the demography, concept of fertility, fertility policy research and other aspects work. It tries to summarize and analyze the relevant research according to these literature writings.The survey questionnaires were issued 510 copies, 497 valid questionnaires, the recovery rate was 97.4%.The study select 15 people who are representative of the survey to complete the semi-structured interviews.Results:1. Fertility Number: the ideal fertility desires of the enterprise workers is higher than the actual second child wishes, and the average ideal fertility desires is 1.53. Nearly 52.1% of companies employees expect to have two children.But the actual willing is only 27.4%.The agriculture accounts' willingness ratio is 34.5%,which is higher than the non-agriculture accounts' willingness that is 26.5%.The second child willingness ratio of the enterprise workers whose first child is girl is 62.8%, far higher than the ratio of enterprise workers whose first child is a boy,which is 37.2%.The married willing has the lowest proportion, while the unmarried and unloved prefer a Second Child, the ratio is 24.1% and 36.5% apart.2. Fertility Gender: 58.1%of respondents does not show a clear preference in terms of sex selection of children.The ratio that is 20.3% of respondents expect a girl and a boy.21.2% of the enterprise employees' parents have a preference for boys.3. Fertility Objective: 37.3% of respondents have the view that having children can consolidate the couple's feelings.29.3% of respondents believe that children can make their life complete.The ratio for the purpose of procreation is only 10.7%.The fertility objective are in the main of relatively proactive birth concept.Conclusion:The fertility desire of the only child enterprise workers has a certain elasticity.Adopting measures to alleviate the economic pressure could increase the proportion of the second birth.The different types of enterprise workers have different fertility will,so the planning work can not be "one size fits all".It should strengthen the public health facilities and educational resources to meet the arrival of the times of the second child.