The Research In Property Management Of Scientific And Technological Achievements In American Research Universities

Property determination plays an important role in the promotion of scientific and technological achievements, as has a sound legal system to protect property rights and scientific management system, American research universities have been at the leading level in terms of scientific and technological achievements. According to statistics, the rate of scientific and technological achievements translation in 1980 from the University of less than 5% to over 40% now. More and more American universities to join the patent applications and licensing activities, greatly promoted the efficiency of American scientific and technological achievements.Property including ownership, right of disposal, right of use and distribution of income. Studies have shown that different types of scientific and technological achievements, the ownership is different, in general, scientific and technical results owned by schools, non-scientific and technical results owned by the inventor, the presence of other special achievements according to specific circumstances. Disposal vested scientific and technological achievements, including internal and third-party cooperation model office mode, wherein the interior University Technology Transfer Office model the most universal, has become the standard mode of American University of Science and Technology Achievements Transformation plays out in terms of scientific and technological achievements into the American University important role in scientific and technological achievements of universities disposal according to the actual selection, there are three main ways that the patent license, create start-up companies as well as based on the transfer of ownership of the results of the transfer. In most cases, the right to use the home-based ownership is determined, but because of the reality of scientific and technological achievements to complete complex manner and transformation requirements, and therefore there are exceptions, such as scientific and technological achievements ownership side and the other parties before the R & D activities was signed transfer the right to use the protocol, the right to use the home should be performed in accordance with the agreement. American University of Science and Technology Achievements of the income distribution have higher autonomy, according to the school to determine the actual allocation of objects and the proportion of scientific and technological achievements into earnings include licensing income and return on equity are two types of licensing income distribution system and a fixed proportion of cumulative made in two, return on equity as a weaker form of operational revenue, universities were selective distribution, income distribution to ensure that scientific and technological achievements really play the full range of incentives.In nearly 40 years of exploration and practice, constantly improve the government regulations to protect the majority of American research universities have established a sound scientific and technological achievements within the school office mode, a reasonable income distribution mechanism and technological achievements and scientific and technological achievements market-oriented process of scientific and technological achievements and professional personnel. It has a certain significance for the outcome of China’s current reform of science and technology.