The Rise Of The Chemistry Discipline In American University Around World War ? And Its Causes

It was a critical period for American University to develop its chemistry,fully prosper and establish its position as a worldwide academic center of chemistry before and after World War II.At least,the academic center of chemistry recognized by the international academic center was still in Europe before 1930 s,and in particular,German universities had been taking the lead in chemistry.The worldwide academic center of chemistry had gradually changed from German universities into the American University since 1930 s.American University surpassed German universities by 1950 s and became the worldwide academic center of chemistry by extensively engaging talents,reforming organizational management of its disciplines and reinforcing talent fostering and so on.Before and after the World War II,the rapid rise of chemistry in American University should be ascribed to multiple internal and external factors.Concerning the external factors,the inrush of exiled chemists from Nazi Germany,active promotion of American Chemical Society and joint support of the federal government and social forces contributed to favorable external atmosphere for the rise of chemist in American University.In terms of internal factors,sufficient conditions were created for the rapid development of this discipline in American University owing to the university's own appropriate adjustment of objectives for chemistry development,particularly education,joint promotion of key figures and chemists.American University developed its chemistry into a world's top discipline within twenty to thirty years.It is undeniable that China,which is actively promoting its construction of world-class universities and disciplines,may learn much from the rapid rise of that discipline in the American University,especially the internal and external factors behind the rise of chemistry.