Lesson Study Of Effective Teaching For Primary Mathematics

Under curricular reform of basic education,education community and society are increasingly concerned about the effectiveness of teaching.The effective of teaching is essential because primary mathematics is a part of basic education.Meanwhile,lesson study,as one kind form of school-based research,has been widely employed in primary teaching study.This thesis is aimed to explore the characteristics of effective teaching for primary mathematics,and to offer corresponding suggestions and assistance for teachers,through lesson study.In this thesis,both quantitative and qualitative study methods are adopted,organizing as following three aspects:1.Lessons of effective teaching for primary mathematics are selected.Literature review is discussed to define the effective teaching,validity of teaching,lessons,and lesson study.A framework is constructed from three dimensions as content,structure,and level.Among this framework,content dimension refers as subject knowledge,including number & algebra,graphic & geometry,and statistics & probability.Structure dimension is the teaching method,comprising different structures for same lesson,and different teachers for different lessons.Level dimension is the ability levels of different teaching,consisting of young teachers,experienced teachers,and expert teachers.In order to ensure the effectiveness of lesson selection,lessons are graded using teaching observation table,which was made by Sun Yaling based on the standard of teaching effectiveness.2.Selected lessons are studied by classroom observation.LICC classroom observation is used for these selected lesson,which was established by Cui Yunhuo and his team.Four dimensions,including student learning,teacher teaching,curricular characteristic,and curricular level,are observed in class.This study is done by combining the observations in class and through videos with the cooperation from in-service teachers.3.The characteristics of effective teaching for primary mathematics are summarized.According to the result of observations,the following characteristics are concluded in the dimensions of student learning,teacher teaching,curricular characteristic,and curricular level.(1)From the dimension of student learning,it embodies that students have the principal status in the effective mathematics class.Activities of students are various and meet the requirement of teaching objectives with reasonable time arrangement.The activities in class can encourage student to study,among which the hands-on exploratory activities are more popular with students than other forms of activity.(2)Form the dimension of teacher teaching,the effective mathematics class should mainly focus on illuminating questions,following by generative problems from students.The questions should have suitable quantity with correct expression and proper orientation.Teachers should have face-to-face interaction with individual student while considering all students as principle status.Additionally,teachers should encourage students to think more through proper lesson organization,control,and instruction.Meanwhile,teacher should have more influence in the teaching methods and learning styles of student through asking questions in class.(3)For the perspective of curricular characteristic,teachers pay attention to use multimedia to guide students to learn in effective class,and change the instructions according to the difficulties of lesson.These result in varieties of student activities in class,better understanding from students,and more effective teaching objective attainment.(4)In the view of curricular level,teachers lead students to think through moderate interpretation,train mathematical thinking for students through illuminating questions and deal with the cognitive relations through setting up relevant situations,resulting in development of thinking level for different students.In this thesis,strategy advice to promote teaching skill for teachers and learning ability for students are proposed,which is based on the observation on lesson study of effective teaching for primary mathematics.