The Study On Agricultural Labor Force Transfer Issues In China

The transfer of agricultural labor force in China is beset by innumerable difficulties which deserve to be analyzed thoroughly and accurately. Issues lie in the incongruence between sectors transfer and regional transfer. That is occupation transformation into non-agricultural sectors far more legging behind labor migration from rural to urban. Thus views on “push & pull” effects has been extracted and combined with social economic background of China for theoretical and empirical research.Started with historical observation, theoretical hypothesis were established based on abstraction and deduction to which put forward that labor force transfer between sectors and region are conducted by distinct mechanism respectively. Major argument lies in that sectors transfer is seduced only by non-agricultural sectors employment opportunities, while regional transfer is pulled by employment opportunities not only but urban-rural income disparity and pushed by reduction of arable land and popularize of agro-mechanization. Thereby econometric models are set up according to the dynamic relationship among economic subjects which refer to general model of regional transfer(Model ?) and general model of sectors transfer(Model ?). Distinction and feature of their transfer mechanism are main focus for consideration especially when comes to propulsion of urbanization. Research sample were integrated from database of the 5th and 6th nationwide census in China. Both hypothesis models were examined with panel data method by use of fixed-effects regressions.The empirical results confirm imbalance existed due to inadequate “pull” effect of employment opportunity, tremendous “pull” effect of urban-rural income disparity and exaggerate “push” effect of arable land reduction. Conclusion should be drawn that acceleration of labor transfer highly depends on non-agricultural sectors employment expansion. Particularly under background reality of China nowadays, population should be sill under appropriate control and quality improvement of human capital should also be guaranteed. Besides, approximate perfection of resident income and arable land revenue distribution mechanism are crucial. All in all, only by measures to relief the imbalance of “pull & push” effect to be taken effectively can the fulfillment of urbanization and agricultural labor force transfer come to reality.