Study On OUV Protection And Management Of Fanjingshan World Natural Heritage Nomination

The Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage(hereafter called the Convention)is the most authoritative tool for international heritage conservation,whose core contents are to identify,protect,preserve and display those Cultural and Natural Heritages with Outstanding Universal Value and hand them down to future generations.The Operational Guidelines for the Implementation of the World Heritage Convention(hereafter called the Operational Guidelines)is aimed at promoting the successful implementation of the Convention,setting up relevant operational programs for inscription and protection of heritages,and reflecting the development track of the heritages conservation movements.It is the biggest approval of existing resources and an effective measure of further conservation of their Outstanding Universal Values to be nominated in the World Heritage List.According to the Convention,once inscription project was listed in the List,it means state party has made an international commitment that they will do the best to protect and conserve world heritage by using domestic resources and international assistance.Fanjingshan which is the China's inscription project for World Natural Heritage in 2018,this article takes the nominated property and buffer zone of Fanjingshan as the study area,through field investigation,literature review,open-ended interviews,questionnaire survey and mathematical statistics,etc.,deeply analysis the main threats to theOUV protection of Fanjingshan,and put forward related protection countermeasures and suggestions,in order to provide reference for the related researches in future.The main conclusions of this article are as follows:1.Natural disasteris seriously threating the OUV of Fanjingshan,need pay attention to it and enhance monitoring.According to the difference of the disaster-causing factors,this paper has identified the features and kinds of the natural disaster risks in Fanjingshan,and classified them as geological disasters,meteorological and hydrological disasters and biological disasters.And the paper has further analyze the consequence of regional disasters and possible loss,when landscape resources,biological resources,tourists,community residents and property facilities within scenic area are all exposed to the disaster-causing factors.Though analyzing the GPS positions of disaster spots,frequency of occurrence,forming background,universality of spatial and temporal distribution and complex diversity,the paper found that natural disasters are threatening Fanjingshan's OUV in different degrees and different ways.2.Unreasonable human activity is becoming themajor threat factors to OUV of Fanjingshan.Firstly,infrastructure construction,to a certain extent,cuts of the passageways of wildlife and the ecological connection,which are threatening to the ecological environment protection in the nominated property.Secondly,the disorderly development of tourism resources in Fanjingshan also threatens the natural landscape and habitats of wild animals and plants,which mainly includes the sustained growth of visitor numbers,uneven spatial and temporal distribution of tourists' behaviors,degradation of the ecological environmentof tourism,garbage form tourism and the coordination between tourism development and resource protection,etc.Thirdly,excessively reliant on natural resources ofindigenous peoplein the communities is another big threat to the OUV protection of Fanjingshan.The traditional resource utilization like planting,breeding,grazing,fire woods gathering is universal and dominated.All of that interference must be caused for concern,because they are hard to be eliminated within a short time and even existing continuously.3.Altering the livelihood strategy excessively reliant on nature resources from the indigenous people is the key for further protecting OUV of Fanjingshan.Empirical analysis about the dependence degree of natural resources and its influencing factors among communities shows that residents highly rely on the natural resources as a whole.On the one hand,the dependence degree of income through natural resources is 29.98% and there are 14.52% of farmers have a dependence degree over 90%.On the other hand,the dependence degree of energy from natural resources is 58.24%,because fire woods are necessary for most residents.Several factors,including woodland area,education level,number of migrant workers,degree of part-time household and debt condition,significantly impact the residents' dependence degree of natural resources.4.Based on the in-depth analysis of the compositions and threats of OUV in Fanjingshan,this paper has compared to the domestic areas with similar world heritage value and their recommendations on protection and management,and then has provided some specific countermeasures and suggestions.For decreasing the threats,suggestions like positively responding to the natural disaster risks,strictly controlling the infrastructure construction,deepening the management of tourism,rationally developing ecological tourism,paying attention to the development demands of community and perfecting the co-management model among communities have been put forward.While in the view of management effectiveness,it is recommended that the management department should carry out specific species conservation,build up a co-management mechanism between Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve and Yangxi Provincial Nature Reserve,make the Planning of the Protection and Management of Fanjingshan in time and improve the management level and efficiency in an all-round way.