Analysis On Effects Of The Model Of Multi-household On Livestock Production And Herdsmen Income On The Qinghai Tibet

Since the founding of the China,the grassland of our country has been faced with the problem of continuous degradation.The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,known as the "roof of the world" and "the third pole",is the main pastoral area in China.The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,with thousands of years of grazing history,also faces the problem.Under the influence of the Household responsibility system,the grassland contracting system was implemented in the pastoral in the1980 s,and the grassland contracted to households was almost realized in the national pastoral around 2004.As far as the current situation is concerned,there are many problems caused by Household-responsibility system.For example,the pasture fence has reduced the range of grazing and caused the difficulty of drinking for livestock.In order to settle these problems,the form of Multi household management appeared.In fact,it is a model of traditional nomad,However,it need to be studied that whether the production and operation method can solve the problems or will produce new problems.More importantly,the impact of Multi household management on animal husbandry production,herdsmen's income,grassland quality,and increasing the efficiency of animal husbandry production without increasing grazing pressure on grassland,need to be deeply analyzed.At present,Multi household management has been widely used in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau,and it is valuable to study the influence of this management form on the sustainable development of animal husbandry and sustainable utilization of grassland in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.At present,there has been little research on the effects of the model of Multi-Household on herding.Considering the regional differences of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,this paper investigates four regions,namely including Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Qinghai Province,Naqu region of Tibet Autonomous Prefecture,Aba Qiang Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture.To get socioeconomic and animal production data from pastoralists,we surveyed 302 pastoral households.On this basis,quantitative analysis of the effect of partnerships on household income and animal husbandry management of different regions of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by establishing quantitative regression equations has been carried out.At the same time,combined with remote sensing data,the influence of Multi household managementon grassland coverage is further analyzed,and the following conclusions are drawn:1?The management mode of Multi household promotes herdsmen's animal husbandry income to increase,but there are regional differences.The results of econometric analysis show that the income of animal husbandry in plateau hinterland has been significantly increased by the management mode of Multi household.The income of household animal husbandry in Multi household is 9462 yuan more than that in non-Multi household.In eastern margin area,the income of Multi household animal husbandry is 6648 yuan higher than that of non-Multi household,but the difference is not significant.2?The proportion of migrant workers in Multi households was higher than that in non-Multi households.The results show that the management mode of Multi household can improve the utilization efficiency of animal husbandry labor force,save labor force,increase the employment opportunity and income of non-animal husbandry,and improve the diversity of household income.3?Multi household management mode has an important impact on livestock breeding,having obvious regional differences.In plateau hinterland areas,the stock of domestic animals for Multi households did not change at the end of the year,but the number of livestock sold increased;in eastern margin regions,the stock of domestic animals decreased at the end of the year,but the number of livestock sold did not change.On the whole,the proportion of domestic livestock sold in the Multi household increased,and the speed of listing was quickened,which shortened the period of livestock raising and was beneficial to the improvement of animal husbandry efficiency.4 ? There are regional differences in the influence of Multi household management on production input.In plateau hinterland areas,the forage input of Multi households was not different from that of non-Multi households,but in eastern margin areas,the forage input of Multi households was significantly higher than that of non-Multi households.5?In plateau hinterland areas,the coverage of Multi household grassland is lower,and the Multi household management has no significant effect on grass land coverage in eastern margin regions.The reason for this difference is that livestock farming and forage input are different in different regions.The results show that the impact of Multi household management mode on herdsmen and grassland in different regions is different for the differences of natural factors and social and economic conditions in different regions.Different areas should adapt to local conditions and choose suitable local grassland management model.