Use Local Natural Materials,adaptate To Geographical Environment:Traditional Folk Houses Building Research

Traditional folk houses building is an informal inherited construction system,and it is a set of solutions to problems obtained by human beings through trial and error for the environment and their own needs over a long time span.As a shelter for living and producing in harsh natural conditions,traditional folk houses embody the wisdom of human beings in trying to live in harmony with nature and the most essential purpose of architecture--living."Use local natural materials,Adaptate to geographical environment" is a traditional Chinese construction idea that has been inherited for thousands of years.In the conditions of material shortage and harsh environment,how to use local natural materials to build houses,cope with the opportunities and challenges brought by the local geographical environment,and meet the basic needs of human beings are the topics discussed in this paper.In order to better the performance of the geographical environment affect to show that how traditional folk houses building,this article selects Jiaodong Peninsula surrounded by sea on three sides and Chongqing area with mountains and rivers as typical geographical environment,The residence as author‘s research object,two different geographical environments show the different construction materials,forms and logics.The paper compares four aspects: geographical environment,natural materials,residents' demand and housing construction;Sort out how the geographical environment affects the building of houses;and think about what construction wisdom our ancestors used in the Traditional residence.This article is divided into six chapters.The first two chapters describe the background,purpose and current situation of the research.Combining the two theories of "geography time" and "" Use local natural materials,Adaptate to geographical environment ",the framework of the research is sorted out and the specific content of the research is clarified.The third to fifth chapters use the above research framework to research and compare the different geographical environments and constructions between dwellings in Jiaodong and Chongqing.Chapter six,based on the above comparative studies,summarizing the relationship between geographical environment and traditional residential building,and explaining the wisdom of traditional residences with practical significance.Based on this study,the following conclusions can be drawn: First,the geographical environment has a structural impacts on the construction of traditional folk houses.In all process of construction,traditional folk houses respond to the local topograph.,climate conditions and living requirements,and throughing the ingenious combination of natural materials,the,solutions to specific geographical conditions are diverse.Secondly,generated by different geographical environments,different folk houses building systems have different development characteristics.The geographical environment of Jiaodong Hills is relatively stable,traditional residences only change in details except the haicao houses.The mountainous geographical environment of Chongqing is relatively complex,so houses pay more attention to flexibility to improve environmental adaptability.Thirdly,the construction wisdom of traditional folk houses is still of practical significance to the current building construction and protection.The article discusses "the unification of materials,structure and form","take the advantage of natural materials ","relatively comfortable,active adjustment" and "unrestricted,adapting measures to local conditions" as four aspects.