The Research On Polish CFL Learners' Errors In Their Acquisition Of Chinese Particle "Le"

This thesis explores the process by which the Chinese particle "le" is learned and the errors which are commonly made by Polish CFL learners when using it.Particle "le" plays a very important role in students' daily use of Chinese.However,Polish students often have difficulty understanding how to correctly use it.This thesis mainly investigates three research problems:(1)What kind of errors would appear during the acquisition of the Chinese particle "le" by Polish learners?(2)What are the main influencing factors that lead to the production of these errors?(3)How can these errors be fixed?Firstly,this thesis analyses and unifies the grammar functions of particle "le".It divides it into three forms:after-verb "le1",sentence final "le2" and modal particle "le3".Then,through analysis of various types of sentences,the author sums up the meaning and usage rules of the particle le.Thereafter,the author produces a summary on the acquisition process of particle "le",and carries out an in-depth analysis into the mistakes which are commonly produced by learners when using "le",the difficulties found in teaching "le" and corresponding theories of foreign language acquisition.The third chapter explains the research method,which is a questionnaire investigation into the erroneous usage of "le" by Chinese major students in Poland.The results of the investigation show that the errors' ratio is quite high,that is 29.65%.The main error types are:wrong addition of "le",omitting "le" and wrong position of "le".Hereafter,the author analyses the questionnaires' results,evaluating the erroneous usage of "le" by the students,and looks for reasons as to what caused these errors to be produced.In this portion,the negative and positive transfer of Polish as a mother tongue to Chinese learning was heavily evaluated.According to the author's investigation,the main factors disturbing students' use of particle "le"are clear tense and aspect of Polish language,the relatively free order of words in Polish and the vast difference between the Chinese modal particles' system and Polish's language system.Lastly,the author puts forward several suggestions as to how the number of errors can be reduced and how Chinese education in Poland can be improved.