The Comparative Study On The Preposition "Xiang,chao,wang" And Its Research On Teaching Chinese As A Foreign Language

Function words and word order are important grammatical means in Chinese.Prepositions,as an important part of function words,play an irreplaceable role in the construction of syntactic relations.Although the number of prepositions is not large,their semantics are relatively weak and their positions are flexible,and each preposition is often used in a variety of ways,which brings a lot of difficulties to the study and use of foreign students.Semantically similar prepositions have a high degree of similarity,which makes it difficult to make a clear distinction and makes it more difficult for learners.In this paper,the commonly used directional preposition"xiang,chao,wang" is selected for analysis,in order to help international students accurately master the usage of prepositions and learn standard modern Chinese.The first chapter is the introduction,which mainly describes the origin,research significance and research status of this paper.Meanwhile,it also explains the research ideas,research methods and sources of corpus.In the second chapter,on the premise of clearly defining the research scope of this paper,the author first makes a simple analysis of the semantic source of "xiang,chao,wang" from the perspective of ancient Chinese.Secondly,its syntactic function and semantic characteristics are discussed one by one.Finally,on the basis of three planes,the author makes a comparative analysis of the similarities and differences of"xiang","chao" and "wang" in semantics,syntax and pragmatics,and concludes the relevant ontology knowledge.The third chapter is mainly about the questionnaire survey and interview of international students.Combined with the characteristics of the subject,the author used the corpus survey method to investigate the corpus of foreign students in Nanchang university in the form of "combination of online and offline,mutual supplement of questionnaire interview",and made statistics on the errors of "xiang,chao,wang" used by foreign students with different Chinese proficiency.Finally,combining with the relevant corpus of Beijing language and culture university HSK dynamic composition corpus,this paper classifies and describes the errors of international students,which can be roughly divided into four categories:omission,mixed use,wrong order and wrong addition.The fourth chapter,on the basis of a general grasp of foreign students'acquisition level,analyzes the causes of errors.Subjective factors include negative transfer of learners' language knowledge,avoidance strategies and personal factors,while objective factors mainly refer to the influence of teachers and textbooks on learners and the difficulty of Chinese.The fifth chapter,according to the students and the reason of the bias of the preposition teaching arrangement in the textbooks,classroom teaching and so on a targeted research,and put forward the perspective of the layered combination of teaching Chinese as a foreign language,situational teaching and teaching methods such as contrast enhancement teaching activities,thus improve the pertinence and effectiveness in the process of teaching,improve the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language teaching theory and strategy about direction of prepositions.The last part is the conclusion,which mainly summarizes the viewpoints and research ideas of this paper.The conclusion not only points out the shortcomings in the questionnaire survey and teaching Suggestions,but also puts forward some problems that can be further discussed in the ontological research.