A Study On The Site Of Prehistoric Houses In The West Liaohe River Basin

At present,a large number of houses have been found in the West Liaohe River Basin.From the perspective of area,it can be divided into four types:small,medium,large and super large;from the perspective of building structure,it can be divided into single room and double room;from the perspective of plane form,it can be divided into four types:square,circular,convex and irregular;from the perspective of building type,it can be divided into two types:half hole type and ground type.Combined with the results of previous scholars on the stage of each culture,this paper combs out the relative sooner or later relationship between housing sites in different cultural periods,which lays the foundation for further research.On the basis of classification and stage,this paper studies the evolution of building technology,plane shape and area.The building site construction technology mainly includes three types:residential surface construction technology,wall construction technology and stove site construction technology.According to the statistical results,the construction technology of the prehistoric houses in the West Liaohe area is increasingly developed.The plane form of the house base has experienced the development and transformation from square to round.The changes of family life,environment and cultural exchange are the main reasons for the changes.The area of the housing base site shows a trend of gradual reduction.The process of the transformation of the plane form and the gradual reduction of the area of the housing base in the West Liaohe area is roughly in step with the process of social differentiation in the area.The evolution of the building site is affected by both natural environment and human factors.The deterioration of the environment is the cause of the change of the plane form of the house site in the cultural period along the small river;the development of water system and the decrease of the terrain caused by the river cutting are the causes of the gradual decrease of the elevation of the house site.From the perspective of human factors,the evolution of housing base is the result of human beings giving full play to their subjective initiative according to the social development level and natural environment at that time;cultural exchange and war also play an indispensable role in the evolution of housing site.By comparing with the site of ancient cultural houses in Central China,we can see two different development paths.The emergence of Erlitou site indicates that the development of central China has beenahead of the West Liaohe area.With the decline of Hongshan culture,the Xiliao River Basin began to retreat to the edge of the origin of civilization.