Research On Typical Modal Particles Of Modern Chinese For International Education Of Chinese

Based on the actual needs of the mood particle in Mandarin Chinese in teaching,this paper puts forward the hypothesis of "limited variation" of the functions of modal particles: the differences between the functions of modal particles are limited,which can be generated on the basis of their basic functions with limited features.We analyze the basic functions of six typical modal particles in modern Chinese and the ways of their generation.We investigate the relationship between these modal particles and their corresponding expressions in dialects,ancient Chinese,English and other languages,and explore the differences and commonalities between them.On this basis,this paper analyzes the relevant acquisition of foreign students and offers relevant suggestions for the actual teaching.This paper focuses on the following problems: firstly,the relationship between the basic functions and other functions of six modal particles in Mandarin Chinese;The second is to analyze the differences between mood particles in different languages and find out the connection between them;thirdly,through the questionnaire survey of Chinese learners studying in China to explore their acquisition of modern Chinese modal particles;The fourth is based on the research conclusions on the above issues,reflecting on the past teaching of modern Chinese typical mood words,and combining with our research results,offer some suggestions for future teaching in this area.The thesis is divided into six chapters:The first chapter is the introduction,which describes the research purpose and significance,research content,research ideas and methods as well as the research methods used in this paper.The second chapter mainly summarizes the existing research on the noumenon,the differences between Chinese and English,the acquisition and the teaching of teaching Chinese as a foreign language,hoping to lay the foundation for this study.The third chapter mainly analyzes the main functions of six typical modal particles in modern Chinese.We think that the differences among the functions of thefour modal particles “ma”?“ba”? “ne” and “a”are limited,which can be generated on the basis of their basic functions by increasing or decreasing the limited features.The basic function of “ma”is “Ask”.Inquiry can be “Ask when in doubt”or “Ask in doubt”,which is used in right and wrong.Deletes the feature of [+ doubt] and only means“ma”.“ba”is used at the end of imperative sentence,which adds the feature of[+ consultation] on the basis of “incompletely determinate meaning”;at the end of interrogative sentence and declarative sentence,which adds the feature of [+conjecture] because of incompletely determinate proposition answer;in sentence,which adds the feature of [+ pause] or [+ consultation] or [+ reluctance] on the basis of “incompletely determinate meaning”.The basic function of the modal particle “ne”is to express "sure" and "remind",which has the feature of [+ high reliability] [+remind] at the end of statement and exclamation sentences;at the end of question sentence,the feature of [+ high reliability] is deleted,and a new feature of [+ explore]is added;at the end of imperative sentence,the feature of [+ high reliability] is deleted,which only has the feature of [+ remind] In the sentence,[+ pause] is added to the basic function.The basic functions of the modal particle are "communicating" and "strengthening tone".When it is used at the end of a statement,its features of [+strengthening tone] are deleted,only the features of [+ communicating] are deleted;when it is used at the end of a question,its features of [+ communicating] are deleted,only the features of [+ strengthening tone];when it is used at the end of an exclamation sentence,it will add the features of [+ exclamation] on the basis of its basic functions;when it is used at the end of an imperative sentence,it will be used at the base On the basis of this function,the feature of [+ urging] is added;in sentences,the feature of [+ transmitting] is deleted,and the feature of [+ pause] is added.The modal particles “de”and “le” are quite special.Although they are also multifunctional,their meanings are relatively simple,“de” has the characteristics of [+ subjective determination],[+ emphasis];“le”means “the emergence of new situations”.The fourth chapter is mainly the cross-lingual comparison of mood words.By comparing the typical mood words of mandarin with ancient Chinese,Anqing dialect mood words,and other language mood words or mood expressions,we find that thereare both similarities and differences between the modal particles in different languages.There are many modal particles between Chinese modal particles and other languages that can correspond one by one,but they are not identical.Every modal particle has its own system and its own set of rules.Through the collection and arrangement of the corpus,the analysis of the questionnaire and the interview with the foreign students,we found that there are four ways to express the mood in different languages,which are mood words,word order,verb inflection and intonation.Chinese mainly uses modal particles to express mood,which lies at the end of sentences.Modal particles in Thai and Korean are similar to Chinese and are also at the end of sentences.There are no mood words in European languages such as English,which indicates that different moods are mainly through moving word order or using inflectional forms of verbs.There are very few mood words in Russian that can correspond to typical words in modern Chinese.The tone of a sentence is also mainly expressed by tone patterns.There are five tone patterns in Russian that express different moods.Intonation also plays an important role in expressing different intonations.Most of the focus of Chinese,whether it is Mandarin or local language,falls on the syllable at the end of the sentence.The tone is unchanged,and Thai is similar to Chinese;The focus of Korean intonation is also on the syllable at the end of the sentence,but the tone pattern is changed;the focus of Russian intonation is mainly on the sentence components.The fifth chapter is mainly on the research of empirical research,which is carried out by questionnaires and interviews.Through a questionnaire survey,this paper investigates the foreign students' mastery of the functions of six typical modal particles in modern Chinese.By using the methods of econometric statistics and SPSS software to analyze and judge the data,we find that the foreign students can not fully acquire the different functions of six typical modal particles.However,with the improvement of the Chinese language level,the international students' grasp of each particle is getting better and better,especially the acquisition results of senior group are almost the same as that of native Chinese group.Through interviews,we find that the most popular teaching methods for the study of modal particles are conversationand practice,and the most difficult ones are the usages of “de”and “le”.The main reasons are that there are few grammatical points about these two modal particles in the textbook,the teachers have not explained them systematically and they are influenced by the negative transfer of mother tongue.The sixth chapter discusses the application of the study of the typical particles in modern Chinese in teaching Chinese as a foreign language,and provides suggestions for the outline,textbook preparation and classroom teaching.The seventh chapter concludes.Summarize the full text,draw the research conclusions,and put forward the deficiencies of the research in this article,as well as the directions that can be continued.