American Anti Poverty Policy

The problem of poverty is a complex social problem,all countries in the world in the fight against poverty is spending a lot of money and energy.America President Roosevelt promulgated the "social security law" established the welfare system.President Kennedy proposed the slogan of the "war on poverty",and change "Aid to Dependent Child" to "Aid to Families with Dependent Children".President Johnson proposed the "great society program".USA government spending more on welfare projects,but did not receive significant results in the fight against poverty,America poverty hasn't significantly reduced.Therefore,since the 70's of the twentieth Century,American welfare policy is in adjustment and reform period.In the period of Clinton,finally passed the " Personal Responsibility and Employment Opportunity Reconciliation Act ",completed a major reform of the welfare policy.The bill would change the direct cash payments to encourage the poor to work independently.The paper has five parts:1.American poverty and influence factors of poverty.The approach to the measurement of poverty America is the absolute poverty standard.Different types and structure of the family income below a certain amount of contrast is poor,the fixed amount is called the poverty line.The poverty line is not directly linked to the level of life,according to the food budget changes along with the change of inflation.This leads to sAmerica poverty undervalued.In American poverty,according to ethnicity,the poverty rates of African American and Hispanic are high.According to the types of family,with minor children of single mothers family poverty rate is higher.According to the age,the elderly and children are the most vulnerable to poverty group.Race,family structure,employment status,education level,living area,the economic cycle and immigration have become the influence factors of poverty.2.The background of the Clinton administration welfare reform.In 1935 America promulgated the "America labor security law",established the American welfare system.Early welfare to direct relief money.In twentieth Century 60,the government invested huge amounts of money to the eradication of poverty.Welfare spending was rising.The public began to doubt the validity of welfare policy.In the 70's of the twentieth Century America poverty policy was in adjustment and reform period.In 1996 Congress passed the "personal responsibility and work opportunity coordination method",Completed a major welfare reform,change the direct cash payments to encourage the poor to work independently.3.Legislative game of Clinton government welfare reform policies.Welfare reform plan proposed by the Clinton administration has the following principles:work compensation,Increase supporting for children,preventing teen pregnancy.There are differences welfare reform welfare reform plan proposed by the Clinton administration and the Republican Party in the following aspects:Republicans are demanding more autonomy for the state government,for the poor people enjoy the benefits of the time limit for more demanding,cancel or reduce the number of family cash assistance,cancel most aid to legal immigrants,limit welfare spending,most of the spending limit provisions of welfare projects.In general,welfare reform welfare reform Republicans than the Clinton administration proposed more stringent.The Clinton administration and the Republican fierce debate,after President Clinton vetoed two welfare reform bill passed by Congress,he finally signed by the welfare reform bill,the"Personal Responsibility and Employment Opportunity Reconciliation Act".4.The welfare reform of Clinton government.In the new reforms,"temporary assistance for needy families" instead of "aid to families with dependent children".It canceled the minor children of poor families in cash assistance.Welfare families must work within two years,otherwise the family will lose their benefits.For poor families to receive benefits time limits.If unmarried adolescent mothers during receiving welfare assistance and gave birth to the child,the state govenrnment will no longer pay the extra benefits.In the federal government decentralization autonomy reform of welfare policy of the state,the reform program in Wisconsin to become one of the best reform program.The program emphasizes the poor family members find work rather than providing welfare,and to education and training,child care services,medical assistance and other policies to support.5.The influence and evaluation of Clinton administration's welfare reform.The"Personal Responsibility and Employment Opportunity Reconciliation Act" of the US welfare system have had a significant impact.It emphasizes the ability to work through the policy to help adults entering the labor market,find a job,economically independent,no longer dependent on welfare.Evidence suggests that the benefits from the economic condition than to rely on welfare who is much better.At the same time,it also provides child care,job training and other services to help poor families.The number of pregnant adolescents decreased.Give states autonomy and flexibility to allow states to welfare reform policy based on the specific circumstances of the state has also brought innovation policy.But there are also weak support services,jobs offered narrow range issues.