The Research On Chinese Government Anti-poverty Policy In Urban China Since 1978

Since the founding of New China,the government's poverty alleviation policy has focused on rural areas.Through large-scale poverty alleviation and development actions,the absolute poverty-stricken population has achieved rapid poverty alleviation.However,with the establishment of the socialist market economy system in the 1990 s,Chinese cities have ushered in the climax of laid-off unemployment and a large number of rural laborers entering the cities.The growing number of urban poor people in China has become a social issue that needs to be resolved.In 2020 China will have to realize a well-off society in an all-round way,but if urban poverty cannot be solved well,it will be an unfavorable factor to realize the building of a well-to-do society in an all-round way.It not only makes laborers unable to develop and use effectively,but also wastes labor resources and directly affects GDP.It also restricts the expansion of consumer demand to a large extent,creating resistance to the healthy and sustainable development of the national economy.At the same time,the urban poor people are easily become the unstable factors to society.All this requires that we must focus on solving the problem of urban poverty so that the fruits of economic growth and social civilization can be shared by all the people in the city and promote the full realization of a well-to-do society in China.It can be seen that summing up the experiences and inspirations of urban poverty alleviation since the reform and opening up,and providing inspiration and reference for addressing urban poverty in China have extremely profound theoretical significance and great practical significance.This paper is divided into three chapters to research the Chinese government anti-poverty policy in urban China since 1978.The first chapter provides an overview of the urban poor in China.Including poverty,urban poverty,concept interpretation,measurement standards for the urban poor,analysis of the size and composition of the urban poor,summing up the main problems in urban poverty alleviation,analyzing the causes of the urban poor and the social problems brought by the urban poor.The second chapter summarizes Chinese government anti-poverty policy in urban China since 1978.To cope with the complex problems of urban poverty,the Chinese government has successively formulated and promulgated a series of urban poverty alleviation policies to improve the basic life of the urban poor.It is roughly summed up into three categories: First,preventive anti-poverty policies,which mainly include insurance systems such as unemployment,old-age care,medical care,work-related injury,and maternity.The second is the relief anti-poverty policy,including the urban residents' minimum living security system,warm-warning projects,and shantytowns reconstruction projects;The third is the development poverty policy,including tax relief policies,micro-loan policies,employment assistance policies and so on.The third chapter summarizes the main achievements and experience gained.The effectiveness mainly includes a steady reduction in urban poverty,significant improvement in living standards,marked improvement in employment skills,and effective protection of equity protection.Experience and enlightenment is that maintaining sustained and rapid economic development is the material basis for alleviating urban poverty.Institutional evolution is the basic guarantee for reducing urban poverty.Raising the capacity of urban poverty groups is the fundamental way to solve the problem of urban poverty.