Research On The Model And Path Optimization Of Child Poverty Governance In China

Poverty has always been a key issue in China's economic,social and people's livelihood.With the holistic and regional poverty governance to the precise poverty alleviation and group poverty governance,the problem of child poverty has increasingly entered the research horizon of scholars,but also caused The policy makers pay special attention to it.In the early 1990s,China officially accepted the concept of child welfare values recognized by the international community.Since then,the efforts of child poverty governance have never stopped in the past 30 years,especially in the survival,medical care,children with disabilities and children with major diseases.Significant results have been achieved in education assistance.At present,China has not yet put forward a unified and definitive standard for poor children,so it is impossible to lock down the specific groups and scale of poor children.This paper divides it into two major types:absolute poor children and relatively poor children.Through the analysis of relevant data released by the Ministry of Civil Affairs,the All-China Women's Federation,the National Health and Family Planning Commission,the United Nations Children's Fund and the China Public Welfare Institute,it is found that the current two types of poor children in China are quite large,especially With the changes in economic and social development,the problem of relative poverty among children has become increasingly prominent.Based on this,the article examines the living conditions,development status and service status of poor children.It is found that poor children still have the following problems:nutritional health needs to be improved,medical security system is still fragile,family education and emotional loss are still serious,and it is difficult for orphans who live in the child welfare agency to obtain the warmth of the family,the allocation of public education resources is uneven,the early education and service functions are lacking,the level of preschool education in poverty-stricken areas is relatively backward,the single part of social participation is lacking,the mental health system has not been established,and the content of cultural services is almost lacking.Based on the theory of demand hierarchy,this paper proposes to consider the subject,structure,content and level to meet the real needs of poor children in the future.At present,China is still in the stage of transition from"remnant"child rescue to moderately inclusive child welfare system.The governance pattern of child poverty shows the characteristics of strong country,weak family and weak society.The coordination mechanism of governance is uncoordinated.The framework of governance has not yet formed a synergy.The framework of governance has the characteristics of"fragmentation".The legal basis for governance still lacks a unified and standardized legal system.The overall level of governance remains at a low level,incomplete,and uneven development stage.Lack of unified and efficient management and strong implementation supervision,the governance results lack a scientific and reasonable effect evaluation mechanism.Based on the theory of welfare pluralism,this paper proposes that multi-subjects should follow the four principles of subject coordination,comprehensive development,realistic adaptation,fairness and justice,and construct the five levels of governance:survival level,prevention level,service level,development level and participation level.Optimized path to implement with the five major governance tools of social assistance,social insurance,social services,social investment and social participation.Finally,according to the existing problems and ideas of the child poverty governance model,the following specific suggestions are proposed:restoring and reshaping the family function,improving the top-level design of the child welfare system,clarifying the state's main responsibility,optimizing the department's coordination and governance,and attaching importance to the social parties as well as strengthen the training of various professional talents.