Research On Mental Poverty Of The Elderly In Urban Gathering Areas:Identifying And Governing

Population aging is a prominent social problem facing our country,and the related mental poverty of the elderly has attracted more and more attention.In the context of the aging society,the elderly gathering area in F District of Chongqing deserves to be studied.There are many old people gathering areas of 40-250 people in District F.They are all located in areas with large traffic and convenient transportation.The gathering elderly people are generally over 60 years old.Their timetable are bstable and their activities are simple.Their recreational activities are basically limited to low-intensity entertainment items such as chatting.Even some old people spend a lot of time sitting in empty places without talking and having no entertainment.Based on the case study of the elderly gathering area in F District of Chongqing,this paper mainly discusses the following issues:(1)the characteristics,formation mechanism and social impact of the elderly gathering area,and on this basis,preliminary analysis of its potential mental poverty.(2)Constructing the identification mechanism of the mental poverty of the elderly to determine whether they are in the state of mental poverty and the degree of mental poverty.(3)The causes of poverty in the elderly and the corresponding countermeasures.On this basis,this paper makes a thorough analysis of the phenomenon of the elderly gathering,and makes a detailed analysis of the spatial and temporal characteristics,group characteristics,formation mechanism and social effects of the elderly gathering area,and clarifies the research object.Combining with the relevant literature on mental poverty,a multi-dimensional mental poverty identification system is constructed.Based on the data obtained from the survey of the elderly gathering area in District F,the AF method in the multi-dimensional poverty measurement is used to calculate the multi-dimensional mental poverty index.On this basis,the multi-dimensional mental poverty index is decomposed and the multi-dimensional mental poverty measurement of the elderly gathering is carried out.Then it uses Amartya Sen's entitlement approach to construct a theoretical framework to explain the mental poverty of the elderly,and to analyze the causes of the mental poverty of the elderly.The following conclusions are drawn:(1)Under the background of aging,due to institutional arrangements,urban supporting,family structure and social atmosphere,the spiritual life of the elderly is often neglected and their spiritual needs can not be met.A considerable number of the elderly lag behind the mainstream of society in terms of ideology,morality,cultural entertainment,life emotion,emotional needs and mental health.Out of the pursuit of enriching spiritual life,the elderly in the urban community of District F have formed a special form of old people gathering area.However,as a whole,the spiritual resources provided by the elderly gathering areas are single in form,lack of a basis for sustained and stable output,and low in quality,which makes it difficult to be a comprehensive choice to solve the spiritual needs of the elderly.There is a potential problem of spiritual poverty in the elderly gathering areas.(2)The identification system of mental poverty is constructed by AF method of multi-dimensional poverty measurement method to identify the gathering elderly.The gathering area of elderly in F District of Chongqing reflects more general mental poverty,and the degree of poverty is alarming.The majority of the elderly in the elderly gathering area are in a moderate state of mental poverty,and the dimensions of mental poverty are widespread.There are different degrees of poverty in the dimensions of self,family and government,while in the dimensions of social organization and market,the degree of poverty is deeper.(3)According to the theoretical framework of the mapping of spiritual resources endowment and exchange rights,under the framework of entitlement approach,the causes of the mental poverty of the gathering elderly are the lack of the possession of spiritual resources endowment and the mapping of spiritual resources exchange rights,namely,the lack of direct rights and exchange rights,among which the degree of the lack of exchange rights is greater.The lack of direct rights is relatively small.It is manifested in the deficiencies or gaps in entertainment,social intercourse,child support,infrastructure,welfare protection,community care,social organization,market and other aspects to varying degrees.On the basis of the analysis of the old people gathering area in District F,for the urban gathering area for the elderly,to eliminate the mental poverty problem of the old people gathering,we should intervene and help from two aspects and three gradients: Starting from the direct rights,we should strengthen the supply of spiritual resources for the elderly,and provide the exchange rights support for the elderly from the exchange rights,so as to form an institutionalized governance mechanism with the government's overall guidance,the social organizations as the main force,and the family and market participation.