Limitations Of Policy Pilots

The policy pilot is a unique policy testing and innovation mechanism in China's governance practice.This method of policy formulation based on the concept of "experiment",which is conducive to controlling reform risks,reducing reform costs and improving reform success rate.The reform of this mechanism has achieved remarkable results in the economic field,but not in the governance of public goods / services.The pilot project of classification of municipal solid waste in China was launched in 2000.In 2017,the implementation plan of classification system of municipal solid waste was issued,and the compulsory classification of municipal solid waste continued to be implemented in the form of pilot project,which shows that the pilot project of classification of municipal solid waste in the past 17 years has not achieved the expected results.This shows that the policy pilot is not omnipotent,but also has limitations.This paper takes the urban domestic waste classification pilot as an example to explore the limitations of the policy pilot,and believes that the limitations of the policy pilot are related to the following three factors: 1.The limitation of policy pilot through administrative contract.The policy pilots implemented by the central government are transferred to the pilot governments for governance in the form of administrative contract awarding.The central government and local governments serve as the employer and the contractor respectively.The two have different goals for the policy pilots,and their actions taken are also different.This will reduce the effectiveness of the policy pilots to a certain extent.2.The supply mechanism of policy pilot does not match the "complex" nature of public goods.The “ complex ” nature of public goods determines that improving the effectiveness of their governance requires the realization of pluralistic co-governance and the extensive participation of state-society relations.The policy pilots rely on the bureaucratic system and the administrative operation of the grass-roots autonomous organizations.Social affairs have basically formed a pattern of grass-roots governments participating in and beingresponsible for the whole process.This makes the policy pilot still focus on administrative governance,leading to the mismatching of governance mechanism in public product service.3.The limitation of the pilot project of urban domestic waste classification under the stress-type system.The policy pilot governance is accompanied by the stress-type system,which emphasizes the results but not the process.To a certain extent,the autonomy in the process of policy pilot governance will be ignored.Each pilot government will tend to administrative governance under the influence of the pressure policy target pressure.To a certain extent,the stress-type system has exacerbated the mismatch between the governance mechanisms provided by the policy pilot and that required by the public goods.This paper intends to illustrate the nature and limitations of the policy pilot through the case of urban domestic waste classification pilot.By exploring the limitations of the policy pilot,we can provide theoretical guidance for the policy pilot in the field of public product services.In order to reduce the number of "trial and error" of the policy pilot,avoid the risk of policy pilot failure,and fully release the vitality of the policy pilot.