The Research On Zhang Jian' Educational Thouhts

Zhang Jian(1919-2011),male,from Feidong county,Anhui Province,is a famous educator in morden China.In 1930,he studied in Sheergang Autonomatic Primary School of Xiaozhuang School in Nanjing.In 1932,he transferred to Shanghai Shanhai Engineering Group to study and served as the head of Zhaojing Lane and participated in the work of universal education and refugee education.In 1938,he seccessively as a researcher in the Research Office of the Marxism-Leninist Institute,Director of Education of Liaoxi Democratic institute,and Deputy Director of National Education Department in the Northeast Region.Since the founding of the People's Republic of China,he has servered as a member of the Party Group of the Central Ministry of education,Vice-president of Tsinghua University,Vice-president of the Chinese Education Society,Head of the Central Education and Research Institute,etc.Both fighting in the front of education and working in the administrative department of education for quite a long time,making important contributions to the development of educational research and educational theory in New China.The formation of Zhang Jian's educational thought was deeply influenced by Tao Xingzhi's life educational thought and the baptism of Marxist educational thought.His educational thought system involves six aspects:the essence and the aim of education,the external relationship between education and society,the content of education,the various levels of education,teachers and methods of education.As to the essence and aim of education,he pointed out that education is a special and comprehensive social practice,which aims at training high-quality workers and qualified personnel for national construction.On the external relations between education andsociety,it is pointed out that education cannot be “on the basis of education ”Education is closely related to economy,politics,science and technology,and should be treated dialectically.In the content of education,it emphasizes to educate the students from the moral,intellectual,physical,aesthetic and labor aspects of education.At all levels of education,the development of basic education,higher education,vocational education and rural education should be integrated,and the four types of education should be strengthened;Zhang Jian pointed out that the status of teachers should be emphasized.Teachers need to meet certain standards in order to shoulder their responsibilities,and to strengthen the teaching management,further education and training of teachers.In addition,Zhang Jian has made some research on educational methods,and put forward the idea of “developing students according to their aptitude ”,advocating heuristic teaching,paying attention to the leading role of teachers,making students master of self-learning and self-government in an all-round way.In the modern history of education,Zhang Jian's educational thoughts had an important influence on the educational cause at that time,and this contribution should not be neglected.Although his educational thought has certain limitation of the times,it still has reference and reference meaning the present educational work.