| Peer plays an important role in children's social life.Maslow's hierarchy of needs suggests that one of the basic needs of people is the need of belonging and love.Regardless of the different environments the primary school students are in the different personality characteristics,they all have the need of belonging and love,and they are eager to be accepted and loved by peers in the group.With the development of self-awareness,middle-grade students in primary schools are more eager to get rid of the shackles of their parents and teachers,and they have improved their understanding of peers and friends,and they are longing to have good peer relationship.Good peer relationships can provide pupils with more opportunities for interaction and communication,which can help students to learn to express and listen,learn to be modest,patient and tolerant,and can also help them learn ways to communicate with others.That can promote the development of children's social communication and social cognitive ability and can make students create a sense of security and responsibility with their peers' emotionally support.In this paper,peer relationship refers to the equal interpersonal relationship between students' common activities and cooperation in school or classroom.This paper takes the grade three and grade four students of B school in Longgang District of Shenzhen as the research object,some suggestions and countermeasures to establish good peer relationships are put forward by focusing on the reality of the peer relationship of the middle-grade students in primary schools through questionnaires,interviews and class management work.The suggestions and countermeasures are also proposed by the summary of the existing problems and reasons in peer interaction,and the combination with relevant literature and physical and mental development characteristics of middle-grade students.This paper is divided into five parts.The first part is introduction.The importance of the peer relationship is proposed through the analysis of the current state of it.The literature review is summarized through the reading and sorting of the literature,and the core conceptsStudy of B School in Longgang District of Shenzhen are defined in this part.And the significance of studying the status quo of the primary school peer relationship,research problems and research ideas is stated.In the second part,through the investigation of the status quo of grade three and grade four students' peer relationship in Longgang District B,a total of 324 closed questionnaires and 50 open-ended questionnaires were sent out and collected and SPSS was used to analyze the reality of the peer relationship.The third part carries out interviews to some primary school students,which combines with the daily class management experience and literature,deeply understands the existing problem of peer relationship and finds that the problem of peer relationship is mainly focused on aggressive behavior,self-centered personality,lack of interaction skills and guidance.The fourth part combines parents' interviews and teachers' interviews to analyze the influencing factors of peer relationship from three aspects of individual,family education and school education.In the fifth part,countermeasures to improve peer relationship are proposed,based on the practical investigation mentioned in the third and the forth part,combining case studies,interview records,activity records,etc.For example,in school education and teachers' guidance,the curriculum construction should be the core,the practical activities should be the starting point,the class management should be the carrier and the coordination of home and school should be the support.In family education,we should pay attention to peers-relationship establishing,play a model role,and correctly guide children to treat peer conflicts.I hope that these countermeasures and suggestions can provide some methodological guidance and inspiration to schools,teachers and parents. |
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