| Since the reform and opening up,the rapid growth of China's economy has become a miracle of the world economy,but the high economic growth has not brought high employment rates.On the contrary,there has been a surge in unemployment,which is a serious challenge for the Chinese government.Seeking the underlying reasons behind "high growth,low employment" and giving corresponding solutions to achieve coordinated development of economy and employment has become an important topic of great concern to the government and academic circles.This study explores China's technology choice from the perspective of differences in factor endowment structure in various countries,and examines whether China's technology bias is capital bias or labor bias.Is technology choice consistent with China's factor endowment? Is there a phenomenon of “takenism”? Based on China as an industrial power,industry is the main sector that absorbs labor.Does it further examine the technical choices in the industrial sector? Further,through the technology selection path,the influence of Chinese technology on labor employment is judged.Using the national data from 1994 to 2016 to measure China's technological progress bias,with the 1992-2016 provincial panel data,2001-2015 industrial industry data,using the dynamic panel statistical moment estimation research method,empirical test of this hypothesis Regression analysis was performed using GMM-DIF and GMM-SYS methods.This study draws the following conclusions:First,China's current technological advancement has a depressing effect on labor employment.China's current technological progress is "capital use of labor-saving",and China's technological progress has a negative impact on labor employment.Technological progress and the total labor force employment,"Solo residuals" and DEA measurement of technological progress and labor employment are negatively correlated,that is,China's technological progress has a repulsive effect on labor employment.Second,there is "takenism" in China's current technological progress.This paper divides technological progress into technology introduction and independent innovation through the selection path,and examines its impact on the total employment of labor.It finds that technology introduction has a restraining effect on employment,and independent innovation has a compensatory effect on employment.The suppression of employment based on technological progress proves that China's technological progress is mainly based on technology introduction,and the technological progress is biased towards capital utilization.It is contrary to the endowment of China's labor-based factors,and there is a phenomenon of “takenism” in China's technological progress.Third,there are also “bringing technologies” in the technological advancement of China's industrial industry.The technological advancement of China's industrial sector has a negative effect on labor employment.The introduction of technology in the industrial sector has a destructive effect on labor employment,and independent innovation has a compensatory effect on labor employment.The technological advancement of the industrial sector is dominated by technology introduction,and contrary to the endowment of factors,the technological advancement of China's industrial industry has the phenomenon of “takenism”.Fourth,measures to promote the coordinated development of technological progress and employment include: the state should actively adjust the types of technology introduction in the process of technology introduction,and introduce advanced technologies that meet the conditions of China's factor endowment;the state should encourage and guide independent innovation and explore Chinese characteristics.The technological progress route is to identify the technology introduction,the technological innovation is based on the endowment;the enterprise research and development meets the technology advantages of China's current stage,and introduces technologies that are relatively low in price. |
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