Study On Urban Adaptation Of Home Service Practitioners

Industrialization and urbanization necessarily give rise to a large number of labor force transfer from the countryside to the city.The change of social space will bring a new life experience to individuals and make them face a new living environment.Migrant workers,as outcomers,have to deal with the problems of urban adaptation.When the academia pays attention to the overall urban adaptation of migrant workers,they should also see the specific situation of migrant workers of different genders or occupations during the urban adaptation process.With the development of the urban home service industry,many rural women have left their hometowns to work in home services and gradually become an important part of the urban employment team.Compared with migrant workers in other occupations,home service practitioners are more frequent and closely exposed to all aspects of urban society.For them,adaptation is not only a requirement to complete their work,but also a condition to integrate into society.And adapting to the city is not just one-way learning of behaviors and rules,but also includes deep acceptance and recognition.Therefore,they will encounter more diversified and "time difference" and "generation difference" problems in the practice process of adapting to the city,so it is necessary to carry out more in-depth urban adaptation research for home service practitioners.The home service industry in Guangzhou is one of the cities with better development in China.The housekeepers engaged in home service work are mainly migrant women from rural areas,which can meet the representativeness and typicality of the study to a certain extent.Through the existing literature and in-depth interviews with ten housekeepers in Guangzhou,this thesis studies the current characteristics,status and problems of urban adaptation of home service practitioners from four aspects of the economic,social,cultural and psychological levels,analyzes the main factors influencing urban adaptation with the field theory,discover the changing trends of urban adaptation and draws relevant conclusions and policy recommendations.From the countryside to the city,home service practitioners experience not onlythe field transfer but also the transformation of life practice.Therefore,the thesis regards urban adaptation as a process of field transfer,the rural,urban and specific practice fields have different effects on urban adaptation.Urban adaptation will show different adaptation states and characteristics in different stages,showing a trend of adaptation.At present,the urban adaptation of home service practitioners in Guangzhou is mainly in the transitional adaptation period,that is,it has the basic economic foundation,the gradual increase in awareness of adaptation,multi-dimensional active adaptation,and identity conflict.Study conclusions shows that economic adaptation is the most important indicator of achieving urban adaptation,and adapting to urban life should be based on the satisfaction of material basis;social adaptation is not ideal,which is manifested in selective adaptation under the guidance of occupation;cultural adaptation is semi assimilation,which basically stays on the surface of understanding and imitation;psychological adaptation needs to be improved,and the real environment restricts further urban identity and integration.In all,the urban adaptation of home service practitioners in Guangzhou has been divorced from the complete rationality of survival.Although there is still a certain gap from the real urban adaptation,the relative improvement of self-affirmation and identity,the gradual emergence of rights and equality,together promote them to adapt to the city more actively,and actively to the city and develop towards a more comprehensive and in-depth state of adaptation.In the face of the lagging policy arrangement,the difference of urban and rural habitus,the weakness of individual capital,and the obstacle of passing psychology in the process of urban adaptation,all social parties,including home service practitioners,should take the initiative to improve the ability of urban adaptation through learning,governments should create a favorable environment for social integration from the aspects of social equity and justice,rights and interests protection,equalization of public services and other systems and policies,strive to resolve conflicts and contradictions between different interest groups,and jointly promote the progress of urban civilization and the sustainable development of economy and society.