Research On History And Current Development Of Preschool Education In Mongolia

Since the founding of country,Mongolia's education has developed rapidly,not only forming a complete national education system,but also completing literacy education,becoming one of the countries with the lowest illiteracy rate in the world.In recent years,Mongolia's preschool education has achieved brilliant results,but there are still many shortcomings and gaps compare with developed countries.This paper mainly study on the history of the development of pre-school education in Mongolia,analyzes the problems existing in the development of pre-school education,and tries to put forward reasonable suggestions for the development of pre-school education.According to the national political development stage of Mongolia,this paper divides the development of pre-school education into six stages: the development stage of pre-school education before the founding of the people's Republic of Mongolia(1921-1923);the development stage of pre-school education in the early stage of the founding of the people's Republic of Mongolia(1924-1939);the development stage of pre-school education in the socialist transitional period(1940-1960);the socialist construction The development stage of preschool education in the period of 1961-1990,the development stage of preschool education in the period of democratic reform(1991-2000),the in-depth development of national education in the new century(2001-present),and the development of national education and preschool education in each stage are discussed.After a century,Mongolia's education has reached the middle-developed countries,and pre-school education is becoming more and more international,which is inseparable from the attention of the government of Mongolia.The main achievements of Mongolian preschool education are: the coverage and investment of preschool education have been continuously improved,the state's annual funding support for preschool education has reached about 20% of the education budget,education facilities and teachers have been guaranteed,and the level of preschool education has reached middle developed countries Level;based on Mongolia's national conditions,the development is more scientific;through several reform policies,preschool education has been explored the new path of education development,and the academic system,courses and teaching materials have made great progress.However,there are still many problems in pre-school education in Mongolia.First of all,there is an imbalance in the development of preschool education between regions.Mongolia is a sparsely populated country.The educational development in remote areas is very different from that in central areas.Secondly,the funding for the development of preschool education is insufficient.Thirdly,the problem of teachers in preschool education is outstanding,there is a serious shortage of qualified teachers.Finally,Mongolia's preschool education textbook system is chaotic.The textbooks used in different regions and schools may be different.The country has not uniformly compiled the textbooks used in preschool education.Through analyzing and discussing the current situation of Mongolian preschool education development,some suggestions were put forward.First,Mongolia should take multiple measures to promote the balanced development of preschool education,including between regions and ethnic groups.Second,the government should focus on increasing pre-school education funding,including infrastructure,faculty and school-aged children from poor families.Thirdly,improve the stability and professional level of teachers from two aspects: improving the treatment of teachers and strengthening the training.Fourth,organize the strength system to develop preschool education textbooks.The advantages of unified textbooks outweigh the disadvantages,and give each region a basic reference and certain requirements.