Research On The Influence Of Age And Education Structure On Manufacturing Structure

Manufacturing industry is the main body of national economy.With the rapid development of economy,China has become the largest manufacturing country all over the world in 2010."Made in China" has become a name card of our country on the world stage.However,since China entered the aging society,aging deterioration,falling birth rates,and insufficient labor supply.The turning point of China's "demographic dividend" has passed,and the labor-intensive industries that once relied on the advantage of cheap labor cannot be sustained.The rising cost of labor forces manufacturing industry to change from labor-intensive industry to capital-intensive and technology-intensive industry,which requires higher labor capacity.Education is one of the important wa ys to improve the quality of labor force.How to stimulate the "second demographic dividend" is crucial to the future development of the manufacturing industry,and how to provide a high-quality workforce is the key to optimizing the structure of China's manufacturing industry.Firstly,this paper reviews the relevant research on the structure of manufacturing.In the existing research,there are few literatures from the perspective of producers and consumers and considering the effects of spatial spillover s.Secondly,from the perspective of producers and consumers,this paper explores the influence mechanism of age and education structure and its interaction on manufacturing structure and considers the space spillover effect.This is the innovation of this paper.Thirdly,from the reality,explore the status quo and existing problems of China's age,education and manufacturing structure.Finally,the fixed effect model and the spatial lag model are used to analyze the influence of age and education structure on the manufacturing structure.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The age structure affects the manufacturing structure through factor endowment effect,production efficiency effect,employment preference effect,consumption preference effect and extrusion effect.China's current labor force population decline and the aging population have led to a decline in social vitality,insufficient innovation,and reduced production efficiency,which is not conducive to the development of technology-intensive industries;(2)The structure of education through human capital accumulation effect,absolute income hypothesis effect,consumption level The effect affects the manufacturing structure.The level of labor skills cultivated in secondary education in China is limited,which can meet the needs of labor-intensive industries,and thus can promote the development of labor-intensive industries.However,the problems of irrational professional structure and insufficient personnel training in higher education restrict the optimization and upgrading of manufacturing industry,which is not conducive to the development of technology-intensive industries;(3)The interaction between labor and education structures has an impact on the manufacturing structure through spiraling effects,inertia effects,and the effects of the mechanism.The more laborers receive secondary education,the limited level of education,the limited skill level and learning ability,and the low enthusiasm for labor innovation.The interaction between the labor force and secondary education can hinder the manufacturing structure.The promotion of the higher education labor force to technology-intensive industries,stimulate the enthusiasm for innovation,the demand for high-tech products is large,and is conducive to the development of capital and technology-intensive industries;(4)Labor and human capital attached to the labor force The inter-regional flow is a spatial spillover effect.From the current situation in China,the technology-intensive industry has a negative spillover effect,indicating that the “proximity competition” effect is stronger than the “cooperative development” effect.