Association Between Socio-economic Status And Physical Activity Among Children And Adolescents

Purpose: For children and adolescents at a critical period of growth and development,daily participation in sufficient physical activity is the basic guarantee to promote their physical and mental health.In order to promote the physical activity of children and adolescents,understanding the factors that affect the physical activity of children and adolescents is a prerequisite.The physical activities of children and adolescents are affected by many factors,of which the socio-economic status plays a very important role.Promoting the integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta is a top priority,therefore,the purpose of this study is to understand the physical activities and socio-economic status of children and adolescents in the Yangtze River Delta,analyze the correlation between socio-economic status of children and adolescents and their physical activities,and explore the impact of socio-economic status of children and adolescents of different genders,school levels and regions on their physical activity.Method: Using the literature method to collect and sort through the Internet and library resources in CNKI,Wanfang,Web of Science,Ebsco,Pub Med and other databases,so as to lay a theoretical foundation for this study.A total of 2486 students(average age 12.2 ± 2.3,male 49.5%)from primary,middle and high schools in Anhui,Jiangsu and Shanghai were investigated by questionnaire.Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity(MVPA)as a measure of physical activity for children and adolescents during the week,school days,and weekends.Parental education,Family Affluence Scale(FAS),and self-evaluated economy Status measures the Socio-economic Status(SES)of children and adolescents.Using mathematical statistics,using SPSS version 24.0 software,using descriptive statistics to analyze the basic conditions of the survey participants' physical activities and socioeconomic status,and using chi-square tests to compare the differences in variables between different genders,school segments and regional groups;Pearman correlation analysis analyzed the relationship between socioeconomic status and the number of MVPA days for children,adolescents,school days and weekends,and further analyzed the impact of socioeconomic status on MVPA for children,adolescents,school days and weekends with binary logistic regression.Result: In general,11.0% of children and adolescents achieved MVPA for at least 60 minutes per day for 7 days,boys' rate of reaching MVPA recommendation is higher than girls' rate(boys' rate is 13.9%,girls' rate is 8.4%),the rate of reaching MVPA recommendation on school days is 22.6%(boys' rate is 26.0%,girls' rate is 19.3%),and the rate of reaching MVPA recommendation on weekends is 26.0%(boys' rate is 30.7%,girls' rate is 21.5%).The proportion of high-level group was 24.9%,and the proportion of low-level group was 37.6%.In terms of social economic status,the proportion of the level group is higher(57.2%),the proportion of the low level group is lower(10.3%),and the proportion of the high level group of FAS is higher(47.5%).Parental education,self-assessment SES and FAS were positively correlated with physical activity of children and adolescents(p < 0.05),and had significant effects on physical activity of children and adolescents.For different genders,parental education and FAS are positively related to physical activity of boys and have a significant effect(p < 0.05);parental education,self-assessment SES and FAS are positively related to physical activity of girls and have a significant effect(p < 0.05).From the perspective of different grades,parental education,self-assessment SES and FAS were positively correlated with physical activity of junior high school students(p < 0.05);there was no significant relationship with physical activity of primary and high school students(p > 0.05).For different regions,in Anhui,FAS and self-assessed SES were positively correlated with physical activity of children and adolescents(p < 0.05);in Shanghai,parental education was positively correlated with physical activity of children and adolescents and had significant effects.Impact(p < 0.05).In Jiangsu,parents' education,FAS,and self-assessed SES had no significant relationship with physical activity of children and adolescents(p > 0.05).Conclusion: Generally speaking,the proportion of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity in children and adolescents in the Yangtze River Delta is relatively low,and that of boys is better than that of girls.With the growth of school stage,the proportion of children and adolescents who reach the recommended amount of Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity shows a downward trend.In the Yangtze River Delta,socio-economic status has a positive impact on the physical activities of children and adolescents,and there are differences in gender,school stage and region.In the future,we should attach great importance to the problem of insufficient physical activities of children and adolescents,make clear the social stratification differences in physical activities of children and adolescents,and make intervention plans according to the actual situation to ensure the social fairness of physical activities of children and adolescents.