Research On The Feminization Trend Of The Aging Population And Its Impact On The Externalities Of China's Pension Insurance Funds

In recent years,with the speed of population aging in China,it also shows the trend of the aging population feminization.The problem of endowment,especially the female pension,is becoming more and more prominent,while the old woman's pension problem will directly affect the effective operation of the pension fund of urban workers.Not only that,China's urban workers endowment Insurance system in the running process is still difficult,facing the system fairness and sustainability of the dual challenges.On the one hand,in fairness,the endowment insurance system in urban and rural areas,industries,different income groups and even intergenerational differences,gender differences are more and more obvious,women because of the employment rate and the level of education relative to the male lower,the level of pension is generally lower than men.The unfairness of the endowment insurance system in the starting point,process and result hinders the fair development of the endowment insurance system in our country.On the other hand,in the old-age insurance system parameter design and so on sustainable problems,the rate of payment is too high,the participation of enterprises and workers is not strong,the phenomenon of abandonment and insurance is increased;the legal retirement age is the world's lowest,women's retirement age is much lower than that of men,and life expectancy is higher than that of men,resulting in short payment time for women's pensions,the substitution rate of basic pension is declining year,the enterprise annuity and personal business insurance develop slowly,the multi-level endowment insurance system has not been completed.In addition,in the establishment and design of various sub systems,the adjustment mechanism of pension benefits and the actuarial system of endowment insurance have not been established,and the size of individual account empty accounts has been enlarged every year.In this context,through the collation and generalization of domestic and foreign literature and the theory and methods,this paper emphatically analyzes the aging population of the trend of the feminization of China's urban workers endowment insurance funds of the external impact,including comprehensive child policy,female employment and wage levels and other aspects,at the same time building a population structure forecasting Social Insurance co-ordination account and individual account actuarial model,carrying out scientific population structure prediction,through the influence of life expectancy,wage level,employment status and other factors on urban employees ' Endowment Insurance Fund,The external influence of the trend of feminization of aging population on the total amount and structure of the Endowment Insurance Fund of Urban employees is measured.Three main conclusions are drawn:first,under the trend of feminization of aging population,life expectancy and comprehensive child policies will have an impact on the total number of insured persons and the sex ratio,thus making the total amount and structure of basic Endowment insurance Account Fund of urban employees change.The second is the difference in wage level between men and women in the trend of aging population feminization will further aggravate the urban workers and men and women in the balance between the average replacement rate and total income gap,and will lead to women in the future to receive personal account pension amount is significantly lower than men.Thirdly,in the trend of the feminization of the aging population and under the current regulations,there was an increase in the number of personal accounts for both men and women,and the gap in the annual income of men and women was narrowing as the wage differentials narrowed,but the gender difference between total and total contributions was gradually widening.The repotr of the 19th CPC National Congress pointed out:"To be in accordance with 'the bottom line,weaving "network,the requirements of the establishment mechanism,comprehensive coverage of all people,urban and rural co-ordination,clear responsibility,the protection of moderate,sustainable multi-level social security system." Full implementation of the National Insurance Scheme.We should improve the basic endowment insurance for urban employees and the basic endowment insurance system of urban and rural residents,and realize the national integration of endowment insurance.As China's aging population and the feminization of the trend,the task of this round of reform will be more arduous,the Chinese endowment Insurance system restructuring also put forward higher requirements.In view of the previous empirical analysis,in the end,the paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions,including perfecting laws and regulations and employment policies,solving the problem of female employment discrimination,raising the wage level of women,narrowing the wage gap between men and women,establishing survivor's pension system,promoting the equity of pension,and encouraging commercial insurance institutions to develop women's insurance schemes To strengthen the five-point content of women's flexible employment group's endowment protection.In order to promote the equity and sustainable development of endowment insurance system,it can provide support and reference for China's governance ability and management system modernization,the endowment insurance system to deepen reform and policy choice comprehensively.