Research On Urban Poverty In China From Multidimensional Perspective

As the rural poverty alleviation strategy intensifies,the urban poverty problem has gradually entered the public eye.Compared with the in-depth study of rural poverty over the years,relevant problems have gradually been solved one by one,and the measurement of urban poverty in China is still at a relatively young stage.There are still many shortcomings in various aspects,and it is also due to the improvement of poverty alleviation in rural areas.The imperfections of urban poverty are in stark contrast,making urban poverty measurement urgently needed to be resolved.Therefore,this paper chooses to use the data from the Peking University “985” project and the China Family Tracking Survey(CFPS)jointly conducted by the Peking University China Social Science Research Center to study urban poverty.Based on the literature research and comparison of predecessors,this paper chooses the reference multidimensional poverty index(MPI)for urban poverty measurement indicators,and on this basis,combines the status quo of China's cities and towns,screens and adds indicators,and finally selects education.The three dimensions of life and health,the education dimension has chosen the indicator of education years,and the life dimension is subdivided into housing problems,whether to enjoy social security and medical security,durable consumer goods and Engel coefficient,under the health dimension.Subdivided into two indicators of chronic disease / major illness and medical catastrophic expenditure,so a total of seven indicators were selected.In the analysis method of poverty measurement,the Alkire-Foster(A-F)method was selected by comparing the poverty measurement methods.However,in terms of weight selection,since the A-F method is an equal weight method,according to the practical significance of each indicator,The equal weight method can't explain the difference between indicators and their own functions.Therefore,based on the A-F method,this paper chooses the item response theory(IRT)to calculate the index weights.According to the difficulty value obtained by ITR,The weighting base of the seven indicators replaces the original A-F equal weight method.In order to be more convincing,this paper analyzes and compares the methods of equal weight and non-equal weights.Under the equal weight analysis method,the number of people with poverty is 866,including the years of education.Durable consumer goods and Engel's coefficient are less difficult to occur but have a higher contribution rate;the number of poor people calculated under the difficulty weight is 643,of which Engel'scoefficient,durable consumer goods and housing difficulties become indicators of low difficulty but high contribution rate.In urban households,the above three types of indicators play a greater role in the occurrence of poverty.It can be seen that the poverty calculated by the equal weight method may have ‘false poverty',and according to the research,the corresponding aspects need to be strengthened.