| With further development of economic globalization,as an important factor affecting the cross-border circulation of elements,customs clearance facilitation has become an important driving force for a country to promote the development of international trade.This paper made use of the survey data of the World Bank on China's manufacturing enterprises in 2012 and took customs clearance time as a measure index for customs clearance efficiency to empirically study the impact of customs clearance efficiency on firm export intensity.The result shows that firstly,the longer the customs clearance time is,the lower the export intensity of enterprises will be.And the conclusion is still valid after a robustness check by instrumental variable regression.Second,for enterprises with different export intensities,the effect of customs clearance efficiency is different.Specifically speaking,it impacts the enterprises with medium and high export intensities to the greatest degree.Through further analysis,it is found that there is a U-shaped relationship between the effect and export intensity.Third,in terms of impact mechanism,enterprises facing longer customs clearance time tend to choose the indirect export mode,which will reduce the export intensity relative to direct export.In addition,customs clearance efficiency has greater hindrance effect on export of enterprises in time-sensitive industries,the eastern region,and enterprises with low-and medium-productivity.According to the research,this paper puts forward the following suggestions on how to optimize customs clearance efficiency and improve export competitiveness: 1.Promote the reform of customs modernization and improve the administrative efficiency of customs;2.Adjust the regional customs development directions and accelerate the construction of the custom interconnection;3.Improve the Policy of Classified Customs Clearance and strengthen the Classified Management of Enterprises;4.Make our customs service-oriented and stir up enterprise's enthusiasm;5.Promote international cooperation in customs in the field of trade facilitation.The main innovations and contributions of this paper are as follows: Firstly,quite a number of scholars have studied the impact of a country's overall customs clearance efficiency on export trade at a national level,while this paper uses urban-level data,which can help to study the heterogeneity of the impact of customs clearance efficiency on export in various regions of China more clearly,and also let us know about the impact and mechanism of customs clearance on the export intensity of enterprises at a micro-level.Secondly,through empirical analysis,this paper explores the specific mechanism of customs clearance efficiency affecting the export intensity of enterprises from the aspects of export mode and enterprise heterogeneity,which enriches and complements the previous studies.Thirdly,through the research,this paper will give some suggestions to our government in formulating policies to promote trade facilitation and enhance export competitiveness,which brings an important reference for actual practice. |
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