Study On International Competitive Advantage Of High-speed Rail Equipment Manufacturing Enterprises

In recent years,the world is entering a new round of high-speed rail construction.It is expected that by 2020,the total mileage of high-speed rail in the world will reach 50,000 kilometers.In face of such a huge international market,high-speed rail equipment manufacturing companies will usher in a rare opportunity for development,accompaning with Chinese high-speed rail "going out" strategy,"One Belt and One Road" initiative and "China manufacturing 2025" strategy,China high-speed rail(CHR)export to the world has made a new business card which is "Made in China".As a capital-intensive and technology-intensive industry,equipment manufacturing high-speed rail companies are different from traditional manufacturing companies in the market competition,which should pay more attention to the company's core technology.This article aims to research the key influencing factors and forming mechanisms of high-speed rail equipment manufacturing companies' international competitive advantage,which are based on the characteristics of equipment manufacturing high-speed rail companies and competitive advantage theory,and then establish an assessment model for the international competitive advantage of high-speed rail manufacturing equipment manufacturers,and propose some corresponding improve countermeasures.First of all,24 factors were identified through the literature review,case study,and corporate annual reports research,and then a questionnaire for data collection was designed.Descriptive statistical analysis and exploratory factor analysis were conducted by SPSS19.0 software,the analysis results show that “technical reliability”,“independent research and development capability”,“brand influence”,“technological absorptive capacity” and “cost management ability'' are the top five factors ranked by the mean value.Through the exploratory factor analysis,24 factors are extracted to six factors,namely “Operation Management(OM)”,“Core Technical(CT)”,“International Performance(IP)”,“Social Capita(SC)”,“Social Image(SI)”,“Business Performance(BP)”.Then AMOS21.0 software was used to do the confirmatory factor analysis,ultimately identified 20 influencing factors that constitute the index system for the evaluation of international competitive advantage of equipment manufacturing high-speed rail enterprises.The path coefficient between each influencing factor and factor determines the weight of each factor.Based on the process competitive advantage and the results of competitive advantage,sustained competitive advantage and temporary competitive advantage to establish a factorial matrix.Secondly,using the combination of theoretical research and data analysis to study the formation mechanism of international competitive advantage of high-speed rail equipment manufacturers.Initially,based on theoretical research and case analysis,proposing 10 hypothetical paths between impact factors.Then use AMOS21.0 software to build the structural equation model,which verify that 5 assumptions have practical significance.It is “operational capacity has a positive effect on international performance”,“operational capacity has a positive effect on social image”,“core technology has a positive effect on international performance”,“core technology has a positive effect on business performance”,“Social capital has a positive effect on business performance."Then,on the basis of the above research,an assessment model for the international competitive advantage of equipment manufacturing high-speed rail enterprises was constructed,and selecte five large international high-speed rail vehicle manufacturers such as CRRC,Bombardier,Siemens,Alstom,and Kawasaki,which are selected to do comparative analysis.The result shows the ranking is Siemens,CRRC,Alstom,Kawasaki,Bombardier.Finally,combined with the formation mechanism of international competitive advantage of equipment manufacturing high-speed rail companies and the analysis of critical paths for improving competitive advantages,equipment manufacturing high-speed rail enterprises are proposed from several aspects to improve the international competition advantages which are process competitive advantage,results competitive advantage,sustained competitive advantage,and temporary competitive advantage.The finding of this research consummate the research system of international competitive advantage theoretically,on the other hand provide some implementable suggestions and theoretical guidance for high-speed rail equipment manufacturing companies to show stronger in the international market.