A Study On Spatial Differentiation And Intergenerational Transmission Of Multidimensional Poverty In Fujian Province

Since the reform and opening up policy was implemented,under the coupling of rapid economic development and large-scale poverty relief and development,China's poverty alleviation work has made remarkable achievements.The poverty population in rural area has dropped significantly,from 770.39 million in 1978(current standard)to30.46 million in 2017.However,under rapid economic development,the regional differences,urban-rural gaps and intergenerational transmissions continuously exist,which makes poverty “solidified” in space,urban and rural areas.That causes serious challenges and barriers for progress of current poverty alleviation work.With the emergence of new characteristics of poverty,the study of spatial differentiation and intergenerational transmission in poverty-stricken areas will help to reveal the deep roots of poverty from a micro scope and provide a useful reference for accurate poverty alleviation.However,the existing research mainly focuses on concentrated contiguous areas and central areas.There are few economic-social-natural multi-dimensional evaluation study about the eastern coastal areas with large regional differences and siginificant poverty,which is done by means of spatial measurement.Furthermore,most of the researches for intergenerational transmissions are theoretical analysis,including little mathematical analysis and few quantitative studies based on household surveys.In addition,there are few comprehensive research findings that explore the types of poverty in the spatial distribution and poverty,through considering both spatial and temporal perspectives.Therefore,this paper takes Fujian Province as case.As a city located on the southeast coast,it has tremendous difference in internal development and contains 23 important developing counties for poverty alleviation.This paper will combine BP neural network and GIS technology to establish economic-social-natural dimension poverty evaluation system,which discuss the pattern of poverty and rule of spatial differentiation at the county scale of Fujian Province.Based on the spatial differentiation pattern,six typical poverty-stricken areas in Fujian Province are selected.And a household survey questionnaire is used to obtain sample about rural poverty in typical poverty-stricken areas of Fujian Province.That can be used to investigate the deep roots of poverty problems in Fujian Province from the perspective of intergenerational transmission,inorder to provide useful reference for the precise strategies of targeting on regional poverty.The results show following contents.Firstly,the characteristics of poverty-stricken space accumulation in Fujian Province are obvious.And the poverty-concentration clusters are mainly concentrated in the mountainous counties in the southwestern and northeastern regions.The poverty-stricken belts in the central urban agglomerations are increasingly appearing,whose location features are obvious.(2)The poverty-stricken areas in Fujian Province have high intergenerational inheritance,and the overall intergenerational mobility is weak.The chances of the children to achieve upward mobility are relatively small.The intergenerational transmission characteristics of rural poverty are significant,represented as economic poverty cycle,poor education cycle and low-end professional cycle characteristics.(3)Human capital,geography capital,social capital,and poverty culture of poor families all make significant impacts on the intergenerational transmission of poverty.Specifically,the overall labor force of the family,the health of family members,the education level of the head of the household,and the family social network relationships,accessibility of public service facilities,parental customs and ways of thinking all play significant role in transmiting poverty over generations.Finally,on the basis of the research conclusions,the poverty alleviation advices which mainly focus on the problem of poverty tansmission in terms of space and intergeneration are proposed,such as focusing on the regional economic-society-natural system regulation and targeting of regional policies and upgrading the human capital of the family and strengthening the social network.Give a useful reference to the poverty alleviation policy targeting the population,such as the role of education.