| In order to explore the relationship between automation failure and operator automation dependence,this study uses a simplified version of UAV flight instrument monitoring tasks to understand the impact of automation failure on operator automation dependence.Under different experience levels and workloads,the relationship between automation failure and operator dependence behavior.The diffusion effect of automation failure on operator automation dependence.These experiments can help to understand the behavioral characteristics of operator automation dependence,enrich relevant theoretical and empirical research,and provide theoretical support for related automation designers and training.The specific research contents,experimental design,results,and conclusions are as follows:Experiment 1:A simplified version of UAV flight instrument monitoring tasks was used to study on the relationship between automation failure and operator automation dependence.96 college students were recruited to participate in the experiment.A mixed experimental design of 3(groups:100R,70M,70FA)×2(experimental conditions:with alarm prompts,with safe prompts)was adopted,in which the group was an inter-group variable and the experimental conditions were intra-group variables.The dependent variables are the agreement rate for the operator to behave consistently with the automated prompt and response time.The research results show that:(1)the main effect of the automation reliability group is significant,the operator agreement rate is the highest in the 100R group,and the response time is relatively short.(2)The main effects of experimental conditions are also significant.The reliability group interacts with the experimental conditions significantly.False alarms have a greater impact on automation compliance,a smaller impact on automation reliance,and miss have the opposite effect.Experiment 2:Experiment 2a:95 participants were recruited to participate in the two-stage simplified version of UAV flight instrument monitoring tasks to research on the relationship between automation failure and operator automation dependence under different experience levels.A mixed experimental design of 3(groups:100R,70M,70FA)×2(experimental conditions:with alarm prompts,with safe prompts)×2(experience:low experience,high experience),where the group is an inter-group variable,experimental conditions and experience levels are variables within the group.The dependent variables are operator agreement rate and response time.The results show that:(1)the main effect of the reliability group is significant,the operator agreement rate is the highest in the 100R group,and the response time is relatively short.The main effect of the level of experience is significant.(2)The interaction between the reliability group and the experimental conditions is significant.The interaction between the reliability group and the experience level is significant.The interaction between the reliability group,the experimental conditions,and the experience level is significant.The interaction between the experimental conditions and the experience level effect,the operator showed a significant interaction on the agreement rate.Experiment 2b:Recruited 91 participants to participate in two-stage experiment to explore the relationship between automation failure and operator automation dependence under different workload levels.The first stage should to finish simplified version of UAV flight instrument monitoring tasks,and the second stage needed to complete the first stage task and trajectory-tracking task.A mixed experimental design of 3(groups:100R,70M,70FA)× 2(experimental conditions:with alarm prompts,with safe prompts)×2(workload:low workload,high workload),where the groups are groups Inter-variables,experimental conditions and workloads are variables within the group.The dependent variables are operator agreement rate and response time.The results show that:(1)the main effect of the reliability group is significant,the 100R group has a higher agreement rate and shorter response time.The experimental conditions have a significant main effect of the agreement rate.The main effect was significant on the level of workload.(2)The interaction between the reliability group and the experimental conditions is significant.The reliability group and the load level interact significantly,the same as the interaction experimental conditions and load levels.While the interaction among the reliability group,the experimental conditions and the load level was significant on agreement rate.Experiment 3:Understand the diffusion effect of automation failure on the operator’s automation dependence,96 college students participated in a simplified version of the UAV flight height multi-instrument monitoring task.A mixed experimental design of 3(groups:100R,70M,70FA)× 2(experimental conditions:with alarm prompts,with safe prompts)× 8(number of automated instruments),where groups are variables between groups,experimental conditions and automation and the number of instruments is a variable within the group.The dependent variables are operator agreement rate and response time.The research results show that:(1)the main effect of the reliability group is significant.In the 100R group,the compliance and reliance behaviors of the subjects were significantly higher than the other two groups.There is a significant main effect in the number of automation instruments.For the first automation device,the compliance and reliance behaviors of the participants were significantly lower than those of the other 7 automation devices.(2)At the same time,the diffusion effect of the false alarm on compliance behavior is not obvious,and the diffusion effect of the miss on reliance behavior is not obvious.Conclusions:(1)The higher the reliability of automation in unmanned aerial vehicle,the operator’s level of automation dependence will be higher.(2)The automation false alarms has a deeper impact on the compliance but it also has a certain impact on its reliance.Miss have a deeper impact on the operator’s reliance,but also have a certain impact on their compliance.(3)High level of experience and high workload level improve the level of operator’s automatic dependency.(4)Failure of automation will affect the operator’s dependence on reliable automation systems,which will have a diffusion effect in unmanned aerial vehicle. |
PDF Full Text Request