Research On The Safety Management In The Operation And Maintenance Stage Of Residential Buildings Based On BIM

In recent years,with the rapid development of high-rise residential buildings,the distribution of personnel becomes more and more intensive and the FM system gets increasingly complex.Owing to that the numbers of accident in operation and maintenance stage caused by this are also increasing.The safety of residential buildings in operation and maintenance stage has been widely concerned by the government,research institutes and the public.However,the traditional security management mode dominated by property companies has low efficiency and unclear management focus.Moreover,the information collection method that only relies on manual input also leads to excessive loss of information transmission and incomplete information extraction.Therefore,the current security management methods have obviously failed to meet the security needs of modern buildings.Nevertheless,the emergence of BIM technology still brings collaborative and visual means of information integration to the safety management in the operation and maintenance stage of residential buildings,which is of great significance to the improvement of safety performance and the level of safety information management.In a word,this paper takes the safety management in the operation and maintenance stage of residential buildings as the research topic,establishing and analyzing the influencing factors system of safety performance on the basis of accident summary in order to control the key links of safety management.Finally,the information requirements of safety management in the operation and maintenance stage of residential buildings are analyzed with BIM technology and the framework of safety information management system based on BIM is designed.The detailed research contents are as follows(1)This paper summarizes the development process of safety management theory and the achievements of accident causation theory in order to analyze the mechanism of accident causation.At the same time,this paper also reviews the concept of safety performance and the analysis method of influencing factors,and determines the empirical method of structural equation model in the analysis of influencing factors of safety performance.In the next place,the development status of information technology is discussed and the conclusion is drawn that BIM technology can be applied to safety information management of residential buildings in operation and maintenance stage.(2)Based on the collection of 194 cases of accidents in the operation and maintenance of residential buildings,the text mining technology is applied to analyze the text of accidents,and the words that play a decisive role in the text are obtained.Thus,this paper summarizes four types of causative factors of accidents: personnel,equipment,environment and management,and discusses the formation patterns of operation and maintenance accidents from five aspects: accident characteristics,accident types,accident causes,accident generation factor distribution and accident occurrence time.(3)Based on the above results,the causative mechanism of operation and maintenance accidents is analyzed.Based on the dynamic accident causative model and accident cases,the specific indicators related to the causative factors of operation and maintenance accidents are analyzed,and the influencing factor system of safety performance is constructed.Then,this paper applies the structural equation model to make an empirical analysis of the system,which not only verifies the model hypothesis,but also calculates the weight of each influencing factor index.The key influencing factors in the system are also identified,that is,physiological/psychological status of personnel,household safety awareness,safety awareness of staff,safety organization and management,and professional quality of staff.which is of great significance to grasp the key link of safety work.(4)Under the guidance of the system of influencing factors of safety performance,this paper applied qualitative analysis to identify and extract safety information from relevant literature and online cases,and finally determined the safety management information requirements list covering 193 detailed contents in the operation and maintenance stage of residential buildings.In the meantime,the bim-based safety information management method for the whole life cycle is discussed from the three perspectives of information classification,information collection,information transmission and sharing.Furthermore,based on the above results the article also proposes the framework of safety information management system based on BIM,elaborating the system design as well as the overall architecture in detail and summarizing the operation flow of three functional modules: security information management,model management and system management.Taking the equipment security information management function as an example,the logic architecture of the system’s security information database is also designed.That is to say,the establishment of the system’s architecture provides an idea for the comprehensive application of BIM technology and safety information management.This paper contains 43 pictures,55 tables and 93 references.