| According to the report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China(CPC),the main problem facing China is the imbalance and inadequacy of regional economic development,and relying on scientific and technological innovation to boost economic development is the key to leading economic growth and improving overall national strength.Since China vigorously implemented the innovation-driven development strategy,relying on technological innovation has become an important means of economic development.Development factor at the core of innovation inputs,compared with the traditional factors of production has higher liquidity and profit-driven,represented by r&d personnel and r&d capital development factors of cross-regional exchange,is bound to change the configuration and distribution pattern of regional innovation resources,it is both opportunity and challenge for all regions.Therefore,an in-depth understanding of the characteristics and scale of inter-regional flow of R&D factors in China,an objective analysis of regional innovation efficiency,and a study of the relationship between the flow of R&D factors and innovation efficiency from a spatial perspective are of great theoretical and practical significance for improving regional innovation efficiency.This paper reviews the existing frontier literature,combines the talent flow theory,capital flow theory and regional innovation theory,and on the basis of explaining relevant concepts,discusses the influence mechanism of R&D personnel and R&D capital flow on regional innovation efficiency from three aspects.By constructing a new gravity model,the flow direction and scale of R&D factors in each region are estimated,and DEA-CCR model is used to estimate the innovation efficiency of30 provincial administrative regions(except Xizang)in the Chinese mainland from 2009 to 2018.In addition,Moran’s I index and scatter chart were used to test the spatial autocorrelation of innovation efficiency.The spatial Dupin model was also introduced to analyze the relationship between R&D factor flow and innovation efficiency,and the spatial spillover effect of R&D factor flow was decomposed.The main conclusions are as follows :(1)There are obvious regional differences in the flow of R&D factors in China.The flow scale of R&D factors is increasing year by year and most provinces are in a state of net inflow of R&D factors.(2)Regional innovation efficiency has obvious regional differences;The development of regional innovation is relatively stable,and the level of regional innovation efficiency shows a fluctuating growth state over time.(3)The innovation efficiency has significant spatial dependence and spatial agglomeration characteristics.(4)There is a big difference between the inflow and outflow of R&D factors on the regional innovation efficiency:the negative effect of R&D personnel outflow on the innovation efficiency is greater than the positive effect of the inflow;the negative effect of R&D capital outflow on the innovation efficiency is equal to the positive effect of the capital inflow.The R&D turnover effect is mainly caused by the inflow of R&D personnel.(5)Improving the level of human capital and expanding the penetration rate of Internet are conducive to improving the level of regional innovation and development,while the intensity of R&D investment has a inhibiting effect on the innovation efficiency.Finally,based on the research conclusions of this paper,the corresponding policy recommendations are put forward as follows: First,expand the scale of R&D personnel,guide the reasonable flow of R&D personnel among regions,and alleviate the contradiction of unbalanced distribution of innovation resources;Second,formulate appropriate talent incentive policies to promote the regeneration of new knowledge by building a cross-regional talent exchange platform;Third,improve the market management mechanism,invest in R&D elements reasonably,and eliminate the R&D capital mismatch caused by subsidies discrimination,political rent-seeking and other human factors;Fourth,strengthen infrastructure construction,create a quality environment for innovation,and provide support for innovative development activities by improving transportation conditions and increasing Internet coverage. |
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