Research On The Spatial Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of The Development Level Of Small Towns In Shandong Provinc

Small towns are an important part of China’s urban system and an important carrier to promote new-type urbanization,promote rural revitalization and realize urban-rural integration.Since the stage of rapid urbanization,urban and rural areas are in the stage of unbalanced development,and the development process of small towns lags behind the urbanization process as a whole.At the same time,the coexistence of growth and contraction,differentiation and development of small towns are becoming more and more obvious.The "14th Five-Year Plan" New urbanization planning Plan proposed that the development of small towns should be classified and guided according to the actual situation of small town development.However,the current development level of small towns is not clear,and the influencing factors behind its development are not clear,so it is difficult to provide differentiated guidance for the development of small towns.Therefore,it is of great significance to objectively evaluate the development level of small towns and analyze the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the development of small towns and cities.Based on this,the thesis takes small towns in Shandong Province as the research unit and analyzes the spatial characteristics and influencing factors of the development level of small towns in Shandong Province based on relevant theories.Firstly,according to the development connotation of small towns in the new era,the evaluation system of small towns development level is constructed by combining multi-source data to measure the comprehensive development level of small towns in Shandong Province.Secondly,using the spatial analysis method and mathematical statistics method to analyze the overall spatial characteristics of the development level of small towns in Shandong Province and the spatial characteristics of the development level of small towns in different regional types.Finally,based on the theoretical framework and the analysis results of spatial characteristics,a model of factors affecting the development level of small towns is constructed and empirical test is conducted.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)From 2013 to 2020,the development level of small towns in Shandong Province showed a significant upward trend,with the proportion of high-level and medium-level small towns increasing,and the proportion of low-level small towns declining.From the perspective of sub-dimension,the level of population size remains basically unchanged,while the level of environmental construction increases greatly.(2)In terms of the overall spatial pattern,in 2013 and 2020,the distribution of high-level small towns in provinces showed a trend of "large concentration and small dispersion",with more provinces and less western regions.At the same time,the high-level small towns in the provincial urban development belt show a gathering state,and gradually form a network pattern.In terms of spatial correlation characteristics,the spatial positive correlation of the development level of small towns in Shandong Province has been continuously enhanced,with "high-high" and "low-low" clustering types dominating.The high-high aggregation area is distributed in the central region and the peninsula region,while the low-low aggregation area is distributed in the northwest and southwest plain of Shandong Province.(3)Analyze the spatial characteristics of development level of small towns in different regional types based on natural region,economic region and main functional area.Based on the types of natural regions,the average development level of small towns in northwest Plain and southwest plain is lower,while the average development level of small towns in east and north coastal areas is higher,and the spatial characteristics of small town development level within each region are different.Based on the type of economic region,the distribution of small town development level and county economic development level shows a certain spatial similarity.The spatial distribution pattern of small town development level can be divided into four modes:low-level equilibrium,high-low polarization distribution,high-level diffusion distribution and high-level equilibrium distribution.Based on the types of main functional zones,the development level of optimized development zones and key development zones is higher,the development level of small towns in ecological functional zones and agricultural products leading areas is lower,and there is level distribution heterogeneity within each region.(4)The development level of small towns is influenced by internal and external forces.On the whole sample,the internal motivation has no significant influence on the development level of small towns.The spillover effect and spatial correlation effect of external driving force urbanization are significant,and whether the town is the key town in policy support is significant.From the perspective of sub-regions,under the influence of internal dynamics,the altitude index in central Shandong Province is negatively affected,while the other regions are not significantly affected.Under the influence of external impetus,the central,eastern,northwestern and southern regions of Shandong are all affected by the spillover effect of urbanization to a certain extent,and the central and southern regions of Shandong are greatly affected by the spatial linkage factors.Each region is affected by whether it is supported by a key town in external policies.