Research On Zhang Bikun’s Chinese Educational Thought And Enlightenment

Zhang Bikun(1927-2017),a native of Chenxi,Xiangxi,Hunan Province,was engaged in Chinese teaching since 1952 and worked hard in the front line of education.He not only engaged in Chinese teaching practice,but also participated in the compilation of Chinese textbooks.He studied diligently and wrote richly,and was a veritable scholar-type teacher."Accumulate learning to store treasures,and make sense to enrich talents" is its consistent educational creed.After long-term Chinese teaching practice,Zhang Bikun has accumulated many valuable experiences in Chinese education and made outstanding contributions to the development of Chinese education in China.In view of the lack of systematicness and integrity in the existing research on Zhang Bikun’s Chinese education thought in academic circles,By analyzing Zhang Bikun’s personal writings,teaching records and friends’ recollection words,By using the methods of literature research,case analysis,field investigation and inductive analysis,this paper makes a comprehensive induction and summary of Zhang’s Chinese education thought,and combines with the current Chinese teaching practice,explores the practical significance of Zhang Bikun’s Chinese education thought and Chinese teaching practice,in order to provide reference for the development of current Chinese education.He has accumulated a lot of valuable experience in Chinese education and made outstanding contributions to the development of Chinese education in China.Zhang Bikun’s insights in Chinese curriculum,Chinese teaching materials,Chinese teaching and Chinese teachers have provided important academic resources for the reform of Chinese education in China.Zhang Bikun’s view of Chinese education curriculum includes three aspects:the nature of Chinese curriculum "insists on the unity of instrumentality and humanism",the starting point and purpose of Chinese curriculum should be "focusing on the development of students",and the realization of Chinese curriculum depends on "practice" and"enlightenment".The view of compiling Chinese textbooks includes three aspects:firstly,it is believed that following the style from "genre" orientation to "times" orientation;the compilation of Chinese textbooks should follow three principles:taking teaching tasks as the guide,making beneficial experiences scientific,cultivating self-study ability,and paying attention to short and pithy selection standards.Chinese teaching view includes classical Chinese teaching view and writing teaching view;First of all,around the teaching of classical Chinese,Zhang Bikun expounded in detail the nature and characteristics of classical Chinese,the common problems in classical Chinese teaching,the basic process of classical Chinese classroom teaching,the teaching method of classical Chinese and the design of classical Chinese exercises.Classical Chinese teaching is still a difficult point in Chinese teaching.Secondly,it puts forward specific requirements for writing teaching and methods to improve writing ability.As for how Chinese teachers know their profession,Zhang Bikun’s thought embodies the scholar-type teacher style,which has both professional foundation and teaching methods.He is both an expert and a miscellaneous scholar,and can teach by words and deeds,thus providing practical ideological guidance for Chinese educators.Zhang Bikun’s Chinese education thought has important guiding value to the development of contemporary Chinese curriculum,the compilation of Chinese teaching materials,the practice of Chinese teaching and the improvement of Chinese teachers’ quality.First of all,the enlightenment to Chinese curriculum is to clarify the nature of the course,balance instrumental and humanistic aspects;adhere to the principle of cultivating people and achieve the function of educating them;the combination of "practice" and "enlightenment"promotes the all-around development of the core quality of Chinese.Secondly,the enlightenment to the compilation of contemporary Chinese textbooks lies in:first,based on the curriculum standards,reflecting the needs of the times;Second,strengthening theme thinking and cultivating self-study ability;third,goal-oriented,improve the quality of your selection.Thirdly,in the aspect of Chinese teaching practice,Zhang Bikun exposition on classical Chinese teaching view enlightens that classical Chinese teaching should re-examine classical Chinese teaching and think about constructing appropriate Classical Chinese teaching methods.For example,we should clarify the teaching objectives of classical Chinese,correctly understand the connotation of classical Chinese,simplify the teaching process of classical Chinese and enrich the teaching methods of classical Chinese.As far as writing teaching is concerned,Zhang Bikun’s writing teaching view enlightens contemporary writing teaching to clarify teaching objectives,improve writing quality,clarify writing context,advocate individual expression,encourage micro-writing,cultivate writing habits,grasp key problems and insist on positive evaluation;Finally,in the professional development of Chinese teachers,Zhang Bikun’s view of Chinese teachers enlightens contemporary Chinese teachers not only to be lecturers of knowledge,but also to be independent thinkers,researchers and lifelong learners of Chinese education,which is also an urgent requirement of the development of the times for Chinese teachers.