Comparative Study On The Influence Of Functional Training On The Physical Fitness Of Young Sailboat Athletes Of Different Grades

Sailing is an important part of building China into a "maritime power" and a "sports power".In order to promote the scientific development of sailing,it is necessary to carry out comprehensive scientific research services.However,sailing has many levels and different characteristics.It is a competitive sport that needs to be started from an early age and laid a solid physical foundation.The purpose of this study is to analyze the physical characteristics of young sailing athletes of different levels,provide direction for their future career level transformation,and design and implement a functional training program suitable for young sailing athletes in order to improve their physical level,and analyze whether there are differences in the impact of this training on young sailing athletes of different levels.In this way,it can provide ideas and references for physical training for coaches and athletes of sailing windsurfing and even water sports.In this study,young sailing athletes of OP and Laser 4.7 levels were selected,and FMS,YBT and sports quality were tested by the methods of literature review,observation,expert interview,testing and mathematical statistics.Independent sample T test,paired sample T test and Chi-square test were used to compare the differences of physical function and sports quality between the two levels of athletes before and after functional training intervention.The conclusions are as follows:(1)The physical functions of young sailboat athletes of different grades have different characteristics.On the whole,the physical function characteristics of OP athletes are as follows:the stability of trunk core is poor,the ability of posture control and neuromuscular coordination is poor,and the mobility of shoulder joint and thoracic vertebra is slightly limited.The main reason for the obstacle of its physical function is the lack of targeted training and the failure to master the correct basic movement mode.The physical function characteristics of the laser4.7-level athletes are as follows: the flexibility of thoracic vertebrae,shoulders,hips,knees and ankles is insufficient,the muscles of the posterior thigh and back are tense,and the body is asymmetrical.The main reasons for the obstacles to its physical function are long-term incorrect posture and imperfect physical training system.(2)After 10 weeks of functional training,the physical function of the athletes of the two levels has been significantly improved,the sports quality has been significantly enhanced,and the gap between the physical functions of the athletes of the two levels has narrowed.OP-level athletes have improved more obviously in the three FMS items of straight lunge,trunk stable push-ups and rotational stability,as well as in upper limb strength,cardiovascular endurance,special endurance,agility and other sports qualities.Laser level 4.7 athletes have made more significant improvements in three FMS events hurdles,shoulder flexibility,active straight leg lifting),YBT comprehensive scores of upper and lower limbs,lower limb strength,explosive force and other qualities.(3)Designed and implemented a set of functional training program suitable for young sailboat athletes,which is divided into three stages: foundation,accumulation and strengthening,covering seven sections: pillar preparation,movement preparation,movement skills,rapid expansion and contraction compound,medicine ball training,strength training and energy metabolism,and adjusted the strength training content according to different levels of physiological characteristics and training basis to help athletes reduce functional obstacles,reduce injury risks and improve sports performance.