Research On The Knowledge Overflow Mechanism And Effect Of Chinese College Research And Development Activities

Since the knowledge-based economy springs up, the competition between countries all over the world has been shifted from economy, government, culture and military traditionally to science and technology. In order to increase the investment of innovative research and development activities, countries have introduced revitalization plan of science and technology. Innovation is the first in Chinese five major new development idea, the current Chinese economic development presents the new normal, so we must rely on the innovation, increase the content of innovation constantly, and use the new kinetic energy to promote the new development.College is the important part of national innovation system, is an important source of research and development production of knowledge, technology, and scientific and technological achievements, but also the basic powerhouse of regional economy, science and technology development, its scientific research activities has become the power of a country’s scientific research career development. With the increase of the attention and support of scientific research in college at home and abroad, the research of social from all walks of life from the path, scope and effect of college R&D knowledge spillover has also been increased. Under such the international and domestic new situation, this article has combed out and discussed deeply and systematically the knowledge overflow mechanism and effect of Chinese college research and development activities, and described the relationship among R&D input of our national colleges, enterprise innovation performance and regional technical progress further, which hoped for has an important theoretical value and practical significance of allocating R&D resources scientifically and reasonably, enhance the regional and national innovation provides certain theoretical guidance and reference significanceConcentrated on research of the knowledge overflow mechanism and effect of Chinese college research and development activities, also guided under endogenous economic growth theory, the theory of regional innovation system, the economics of technical innovation and spatial econometrics, and based on the analysis and comparison of the current situation of Chinese college research and development activities, this article has constructed a theoretical framework for overflow mechanism of enterprise-oriented college research and development activities, and has conducted a deep research in regards to the influence of the knowledge overflow of the input of college research and development activities on the enterprise innovation performance and regional technical progress by utilizing tools and methods as panel data model, spatial error model and spatial econometrics etc. The main content of this thesis includes following five aspects. First, it has combed out related domestic and international literatures and theories which provide helpful references and theoretical guidance for the research of this thesis. Second, it has combed out and analyzed the input and output status of Chinese college research and development activities which is studied contrastively with the research and development activities of enterprises and research organizations. Besides, it has further examined the spatial non-equilibrium of our college research and development activities. Third, based on two major dimensionalities which are geographical proximity and relational proximity, this thesis tries to construct the enterprise-oriented mechanism of knowledge overflow and specific path of college research, and analyze and study the effective realization condition of the overflow under the mechanism framework.Fourth, this thesis has conducted the empirical measurement on the enterprise-oriented knowledge overflow effect of college research by utilizing related theories such as spatial econometrics etc.Fifth, seen from the regional overall perspective, this thesis has conducted the quantitative analysis to the influence of overflow of our college research and development activities on regional technical progress by utilizing the models and methods from spatial econometrics.Finally, on the basis of the specific conclusion drawn by the research, this thesis has proposed related suggestions in order to provide theoretical foundation and decision reference for relevant policy-making departments.The innovation of the research in this thesis is mainly reflected by the following three aspects.First, this article has emphasized that college is’the most important innovation entity in the regional innovation system, and it has respectively examine the knowledge overflow effect of college research on enterprise innovation performance and regional technical progress based on three research and development objects which are fundamental research, application research and experimental development. The existing innovation researches of scholars mostly neglect the overflow impact of college research and development activities for other entities in the same region and the growth of regional overall innovation, but mostly focus on studying the technical innovation of enterprise which is regarded as an important entity in regional innovation system. In terms of the actual situation in our country, although enterprises have paid increasing attention and given supports to research and core technical competence, it yet has not truly become the major entity of research innovation in the regional system. Comparing with enterprises, the position and roles of college in the regional innovation system becomes more and more important because it has multitudinous research innovation resources and it is regarded as the foundation and source of the overflow of knowledge and technology. Thus it is essential and meaningful to study the overflow mechanism and effect of college R&D activities in the region or between the interregional regions.Second, this article has enriched the analysis framework for the knowledge overflow mechanism and effect research of college research and development activities. By seeing from theory to empirical evidence, this article tries to construct a conceptual framework for knowledge overflow mechanism of enterprise-oriented college research and development activities according to the summary of existing literatures and knowledge of theories. And on such basis the article has developed a detailed empirical measurement respectively on the overflow effect of our college research (especially including the three kinds of research and development activities) for enterprise innovation growth and the overflow impact of college research activities for regional technical progress. Meanwhile, by focusing on the research dimensionalities from portions to an entirety or a system, this article has firstly made a quantitative analysis on the overflow of college research for the enterprises who is another important entity in regional innovation system, and afterwards it has studied systematically the overflow effect of college research for technical progress at the whole region, which all have provided a relatively comprehensive analytic view and research framework for subsequent researches.Third, this article has expanded the tools and methods for knowledge overflow mechanism and effect research of college research and development activities. During the process of economic and culture interaction between regions, the communication and shift of talented persons, knowledge and technology is unavoidable, and the research and development activities of innovation system in each region can not only affect interior of the region but also produce interaction and pertinence with other innovation systems, thus the traditional measurement tools and methods such as least square method will be unable to analyze accurately its relationship. On the premise of measuring that there is a spatial non-equilibrium in our college research and development activities, this article has conducted an empirical measurement on the overflow of college knowledge and technology at the regional level by utilizing relevant models and methods of spatial econometrics, thus it can prevent from the defect of traditional regression method.