A Study Of The Reform Of University Organizational Mode Under The Knowledge Production Mode Transformation Perspective

University organization has experienced a series of changes and formed different organization models since university organization has created in the middle ages.With the development of university organization,university organization has became an open system from a closed system gradually.University is a special knowledge production organization,knowledge and academy is the essential attribute of university organization.So the reform of university organization pattern should follow the external logic and internal logic,and the function of external logic must through the internal logic.The external logic is mainly related to the external social environment changes,the internal logic is related to transformation of knowledge production mode.At present in the worldwide,along with the changes of the industrial society,the knowledge production mode occurs transformation,a new knowledge production mode II was rising and developing gradually.The research on the reform of university organization mode from the view of knowledge production transformation is conducted as a response to both theory and practice.Based on the perspective of knowledge production mode transformation,following the research approach of posing problems,building analysis framework,carrying out historical research and comparative research and proposing policy recommendations and conclusions.The paper utilizes research methods of literature analysis,ideal type,historical approach,organizational analysis,case approach and comparative approach to analyze problems of university organization pattern reform deeply and roundly.As an open system,the power or causes of university organization mode reform need to be analyzed.According to theories of knowledge production mode,knowledge sociology and system and contingency organization,the paper construct a coevolution analysis framework of "knowledge production mode-university organization pattern".In terms of the power of university organization pattern change,the external social environment is the external driving force of the university organization mode reform,knowledge production mode is the internal driving force of university organization pattern reform.As the external driving force of university organization pattern reform,the external environment exert an influence on the reform of university organization must through knowledge production mode.So the reform of university organization pattern is the inherent requirement of knowledge production mode transformation.In terms of the ways of coevolution between knowledge production mode and university organization mode,mainly having two ways of self-organized coevolution and herter-organized coevolution.Based on the analysis framework,the paper discusses the following problems:the historical change of domestic and foreign university organization modes,the status quo of university organization mode change in China,problems and the change strategies in the future.The paper adopts methods of historical analysis and ideal type,investigating the process of West university organization pattern changes on the whole.From the reform of Western university organization pattern,since university has created in the middle ages,three kinds of classical university organization mode have been produced and formed,including Teaching University organization mode(T-U),Research University organization mode(R-U)and Entrepreneurial University organization mode(E-U).From reason or impetus of university organization pattern reform,the external impetus manifest Western society has experienced three stages of social development,including a medieval society,industrial society and knowledge value society;the internal impetus shows under different social situation,producing and developing three knowledge production forms,including the former Humboldt mode,pattern Ⅰ and Ⅱ.In general,in the Western society,the changes of knowledge production mode and university organization mode are a self-organized coevolution way.The paper use case method,analyzing the change of Massachusetts institute of technology(MIT)organization pattern.Research shows that:since MIT has built,there has produced and developed engineering technology institute organization mode,science and technology research university organization mode and entrepreneurial university organization mode.Through the analysis of its change impetus shows that:the external social environment changes is the external driving force of MIT organization pattern change,knowledge production mode transformation is the inner motive power of MIT organization mode change.In general,in the social situation of United States,the changes of knowledge production mode and MIT organization change present a self-organized coevolution way.Through description and analysis for the process,characteristics of university organization pattern change and problems of the contemporary university organization mode in our country,university organization pattern change has its particularity in our country.In terms of the historic change for university organization mode in our country,since modern university was built in the late Qing Dynasty,having successively experienced neoteric university organization mode,modern university organization mode and contemporary organization mode.In terms of characteristics of university organization pattern change in our country,mainly show fracture and stability,portability and imitation,and the change way of mandatory and radical.Through the international and historical comparative analysis,China’s contemporary university organization mode mainly exists the following problems:the inequality of organizational actors status,external logic reveals of organizational goals,lacking of adequacy of organizational technology,bureaucratization of organizational structure and uneven distribution of organizational power.The causes for particularity of university organization pattern change in our country mainly include two aspects:social level and knowledge production.At the social level,our country has formed a unique form of social pattern,mainly show social development path of intertwined disorderly and orderly,highly centralized political system,the cultural tradition of unity of knowledge and action and the low degree and level modernization development,etc.In knowledge production level,under the influence of the unique social form,our country has formed a kind of knowledge production mode of political power planning,which has some characteristics,including deficiency of rationalist knowledge view,lagging of knowledge production system and imbalance of knowledge structure pattern.In general,under the unique social situation in China,changes of knowledge production mode and university organization mode present a kind of hertero-organized coevolution way.Based on the status quo of our country’s university organization change,existing problems of contemporary university organization pattern and background of knowledge production transformation,and using for reference experience of Western university organizations pattern change comprehensively,for the change of university organization pattern in the future in our country,the paper discuss two aspects including strategy and pattern design.In terms of strategies of university organization pattern reform in our country,some strategies should be adopted from society,knowledge production pattern and university organization dimension.At the same time,under the background of transformation of knowledge production mode from mode I to mode II at present,the paper discuss preliminarily university organization mode design in our country from organizational activists,organizational objectives,organizational technology,organizational structure and organizational power.From the point of organizational actors,the relationship between external actors and internal actors should handle well.Specifically,improving the relationship between the government and university from "integration of the government and university" to "separation of the government and university";enhancing the level of social participation;formulating and implementing correct intellectuals policy;improving and guaranteeing teachers’ status and improving student status,etc.From the point of organizational goals,strengthening fusion various targets,balancing tool rationality and value rationality of goals and improving diversity and personality of goals.In terms of organizational technology,implementing education mode of the combination of general education and professional education;promoting the integration of discipline,specialty and course;reforming the teaching methods and optimizing management technology,etc.For organizational structure,the administrative structure and academic organizational structure should be adjusted respectively.For administrative organizational structure,establishing a three-stage organizational structure from of"school-college-department",the reform of school level institutions is key,establishing university governance committee composed of multiple subjects as the highest policy-making body of the university organization.For academic organizational structure,on the premise of adjusting subject classification catalogue on government level,using the experience of college setting of Western first-class university and attaches great importance to the subject property.In the college setting,constructing a kind of school structure which is composed of basic disciplines and practical disciplines colleges.At the same time,the construction and integration of interdisciplinary organization should be strengthened.In terms of organizational power,adhering power distribution goals of guiding as "good governance",power distribution principle of autonomy and joint governance unification and power distribution way of centralization and decentralization unification and constructing a kind of power distribution mode of "vertical decentralization".Based on the perspective of knowledge production mode transformation,the paper analyzes problems of university organization pattern change and focus on "external adaptability" and "internal adaptability" problems of university organization.On the analysis perspective of university organization,achieving the integration of external and internal perspective.So it has a great theoretical significance and practical value for university organization pattern change.