Study On The Regional Optimal Allocation Of Construction Land Increment Index In China

As important resource environment base for the industrialization and urbanization process,construction land not only provides space for the construction of human survival and economic activities,but also exits as essential factor for the production activities in the process of continuous development and progress of human society.The special national condition of China is more population with less land,which determines the efficient use of construction land and regional allocation is always an overall,strategic and fundamental problem in the process of industrialization and urbanization.On the one hand,there are sharp contradictions between the land demand caused by economic development and limited supply of natural resources,which require that we must continuously improve the efficiency of construction land use.And on the other hand,there are significant differences between the development stages and resources endowment in different regions of China.The differences make the regions differ in the construction land demand urgency and the resources supply guarantee ability.And then it is required to achieve constantly optimization of construction land spatial allocation pattern.However,the methods of construction land index allocation in current land use overall planning put too much emphasis on aggregate index such as economic and demographic and other indicators.It makes the planning scheme can not adapt to the new normal current economy and promote regional sustainable and healthy development.Therefore,it is necessary to study the regional allocation of construction land incremental index in China,to explore a resource optimal allocation path which accords with the spatial different characteristics in resource endowment and economic development in China,and which is conducive to promote the regional coordinated development.Around the above problems,the paper summarizes and sums up the relevant research results at home and abroad.Based on this,the paper firstly evaluates the rationality of space allocation of construction land increment in China using spatial equilibrium model and then proposes that it is necessary to construct a feasible path for regional optimal allocation of the incremental construction land index.Secondly,the mathematical models are constructed to study the response rule of construction land scale expansion and intensive growth to economic development.Construction land management and control zoning system is established on the response rule to promote regional coordinated development.And then,the incremental construction land index is allocated initially among different regions in China.The resource allocation efficiency indexes are introduced to revise the initial allocation scheme and the regional configuration optimization of the construction land increment is achieved.Finally,the paper proposes different control strategies for different construction land management and control areas,which provide policy guarantee for the implementation of optimal configuration scheme.Through theoretical analysis and empirical research,the paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)Under the guidance of theory of supply and demand,the change of construction land scale is mainly affected by the economic growth,social development,natural resources and other factors.And among these factors,economic growth and social progress lead to the growing demand for construction land,and natural resource endowment is proved to be hard constraints of the construction land resources supply.Based on this,the spatial equilibrium model is constructed to quantitatively evaluate the spatial allocation pattern of incremental construction land in China.The results show that the allocation of construction land increment is basically in line with the spatial pattern of socioeconomic development and the resources endowment.It is balanced on the whole accompanied by many differences among provinces,and some provinces are in the state of imbalance.It is due to the inadequate consideration of the differences in land resource supply capability.Therefore,this paper put forward that the construction land regional allocation of land planning should take into account both economic development demand for land and supply capability constraints of resources.The land use must accord with the differences in regional development stage characteristics and pay attention to the protection and construction of ecological environment.And then the regional optimal allocation of construction land increment is achieved and the regional coordinated development regional coordinated development can be realized.(2)After the review of the existing regional control zoning system such as main function zoning,the four plate,the comprehensive land use zoning and other administrative divisions in China,we find that although they all have achieved some success in promoting coordinated regional development and rational use of resources,but there are still some limitations in optimal allocation and regional differential control of construction land.So we need to structure the construction land management zoning system according to the differences in economic development stage and natural resources endowment among different regions with goal of regional coordinated development.The zoning system will provide partition basis for the optimal allocation of construction land incremental index.Then,the paper analyzes the economic development and resources endowment differentiation characteristics using the regional econometric model based on the national inter provincial panel data.The results show that the scale expansion and intensive value added of construction land are consistent with Kuznets curve with the continuous economic development.Meanwhile,the resources endowment represented by expansion space of construction land is quite different in different regions.On this basis,all 31 provinces are divided into 4 types of construction land control area named as the optimized adjustment area including Shanghai,Beijing,Tianjin,Guangdong,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,Fujian,the key development area including Inner Mongolia,Shaanxi,Shanxi,Xinjiang,Chongqing,Hubei,Heilongjiang,Jilin,Liaoning,the moderate development area including Yunnan,Guizhou,Sichuan,Gansu,Ningxia,Tibet and the potential excavation area including Henan,Hebei,Shandong,Anhui,Hunan,Jiangxi,Hainan,Guangxi and Qinghai.Within the scope of the provinces,the control areas can be further subdivided with city or county as partition unit according to the actual needs using the same method.So then the multi-level construction land management zoning system under regional coordinated development is established to provide partition basis for the optimal allocation of construction land incremental index.(3)Based on the construction land control zoning,a linear programming model is founded on relative carrying capacity of resources and the initial distribution of construction land increment index among different regions is completed coupling the demand of socio-economic development and the constraints of natural resources endowment.On the basis of Cobb Douglas production function,this paper builds a panel data model using the socio-economic development and land using data in all 31 provinces.And then the model is operated to forecast the national total construction land incremental scale running econometric software statal2.0.As a result,the scale during 2011-2020 is 1 million 353 thousand and 990 hm2.Taking the total scale as control value,the paper builds a linear programming model based on relative resource bearing capacity and completes the initial distribution of construction land increment index in different regions running Lindo11.0 software.Under the guidance of system control theory,regional coordinated development theory,harmony between people and land and resources scarcity theory,the model selects indexes from two aspects of socio-economic development demands and resources endowment constraints.These indexes are non-agricultural industries added value,fixed capital investment added value,total population added,the construction land expansion space,the cultivated land reserved,and so on.The comparative analysis between the above result and the result only considering the socio-economic development demand show that the allocation scheme coupling factors both from demand and supply is more in line with the difference in natural resource constraints of different regions,more respects the regional ecological environmental protection requirements,and is more close to the strategic target of equal emphasis on development and protection.(4)Based on the initial allocation of incremental construction land index,the paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation model to calculate the comprehensive correction coefficient for provincial incremental construction land.The model selects efficiency indexes from two aspects which are development stage characteristics including the contribution rate and intensive degree added of construction land,population urbanization rate,and resource support ability including per capita cultivated land;per capital construction land expansion space,and so on.The initial allocation scheme is modified by the comprehensive correction coefficient under the control of the total incremental scale.The comparative analysis shows that compared to the initial allocation scheme,the optimal allocation scheme of construction land increment index changes a lot.The overall trend is that the overall variation of all 31 provinces presents convergence within the same regions and dissimilarity between different regions.The construction land increment reduces greatly in the optimized adjustment area,increases a little in the key development area,increases greatly in the moderate development area and reduces a little in the potential excavation area.The above changes are basically consistent with their differences in development stage characteristics and resources supply capacity.The moderate development area increases the highest proportion,the key development area is the second,the potential excavation area begins to decrease and the optimized adjustment area decreases the highest proportion as the most developed area.The pattern of differences between different types of areas is basically consistent with the experts' view that the total construction land control target must be achieved through the process of construction land increment index reduction first.Based on the above conclusions,this paper finally put forward that to ensure the regional optimal allocation goal of construction land increment can be realized,the land use and management strategies should be differentiated according to the differences in the economic development and resource endowment.The optimized adjustment area should promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure optimization combined with regional development strategy to drive the land supply structure adjustment,realize Pareto improvement and further enhance the substitution effect of technological innovation to construction land.The land demand pressure of the key development area should be mainly relieved through strengthening the construction land supply threshold constraints and modest increase in new construction land.The moderate development area should enhance the intensive level of construction land use and more importantly increase appropriate new construction land index in order to meet the demand for land as cost loss in its urbanization and industrialization process.The total amount of construction land should be strictly controlled and the new construction land supply scale should be reduced to force the land use pattern change from extensive to intensive in the potential excavation area.Then construction land potential will be excavated deeply and the construction land use efficiency will be increased.