Research On The Organizational System Of The Northwest Bureau Of The Central Committee Of The Communist Party Of China: 1941-1954

Northwest Bureau(???)was a central bureau of northwest China which was founded by the Central Committee of CPC during the Anti-Japanese War (1937-1945). It was built on the regional party organization in Northwest China, whose predecessor was Party Committee of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia in Chin——Central Bureau of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, Northwest Working Committee of the Central Committee of CP——which originated in the period of China National Revolution (1924-1927) and was established in the period of China Agrarian Revolutionary War (1927-1937). Founded in May 1941 and abolished in December 1954, Northwest Bureau was in existence for 13 years.Organizational system was the core component of Northwest Bureau, which was constituted by "institution", "organization" and "party member". Institution included leading part and working part. Organization included parallel part and subordinate part. Parallel part of organization——government, military and mass community etc——was non-party system. Subordinate part of organization and party member were bases and cells of Northwest Bureau. The party building of Northwest Bureau after 1949 was characterized by the ethnic minorities with religious belief joining the CPC. Rectification was a fundamental way in the development and consolidation of subordinate part of organization in Rectification Campaign(????)and Agrarian Reform(??).CPC Committee of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia in China, the predecessor of Northwest Bureau, had founded some working institutions about the minority, whose important part was Northwest Working Committee of the Central Committee of CPC. After Northwest Bureau was founded, in addition to the minority working committee, United Front Working Department of CPC(???)and No.4 Branch of the Central Bureau of Investigation(???????????)also founded some ethnic affair institutions and the government also founded Ethnic Affairs Committee and nationality college. The minority working was most important in organization system of Northwest Bureau, that was also an important guarantee on policy of regional ethnic autonomy. For instance, Northwest Bureau had proposed and practiced the autonomy of Hui people (Muslim in China) in Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia, and after 1949, it had further proposed the policy of regional ethnic autonomy and achieved the regional autonomy of the minority below provincial level in northwest China. Parallel part of organization, which included government, mass community and military etc, was led by Northwest Bureau. Its leadership was established through some main policies and series of organizational measures. The relationship between Party and government, people and military was of inner-party relationship in terms of leadership. However, when Northwest Bureau was founded, the relationship between Party and government, people and military had some serious problems, for instance, non-separation between party affair and government affair(????),administration division(????)and bidding for independence(???).For the above reasons, according to the Central Committee of CPC's instructions, Northwest Bureau carried out the implementation of "Centralized Party Leadership"(???????),Rectification Campaign and Double Support (local and military support each other)(??)to improve the relationship between Party and government, people, military.Northwest Bureau was not only designated and led by the Central Committee of CPC, but also represented and was responsible for the Central Committee of CPC in northwest China. Under the direct guidance of the Central Committee of CPC, Northwest Bureau implemented policies creatively. Between it and other central bureaus, they kept the independence and supported each other. Compared with other central bureaus, Northwest Bureau not only had the common features, but also had its own characteristics.As an important member of organizations of the Central Committee of CPC, and one of central bureaus led by the Central Committee of CPC, Northwest bureau implemented policies on behalf of the Central Committee of CPC and served as the highest authority in northwest China. As an organizational measure of the Central Committee of CPC, the establishment and abolishment of Northwest Bureau were directly related to the unified leadership of CPC. The evolution of organizational system reflected the revolutionary situation and the change about the Party's task, and characterized the change on historical statues of CPC, and illustrated the transformation of organizational system on the right track. Organizational system and measure guaranteed the implementation of policies, and also created two forms of democracy——Non-Party personages forum and regional ethnic autonomy in northwest China.