| Shaanxi province's rural tourism has experienced20years of development from the early1990s to the present, and has become an important part of the tourism industries in Shaanxiprovince. In the course of its rapid development, Shaanxi rural tourism has manifested amarked positive impact on certain aspects of provincial politics, economics and culture. At thesame time, rapid development of rural tourism has had significant negative effects on theprovincial political, economic, cultural, natural, social, ecological realms. The negativeimpacts have been increasing at a rate which threatens the long-term sustainability of the ruraltourism program. Shaanxi province has a vast territory, for rural tourism development differsin its ten cities and one district, the different places are experiencing different negative effects.Therefore, we need to find a new comprehensive decision-making approach to thedevelopment of rural tourism, which allows for simultaneous study, planning andimplementation. Adaptive management is particularly well-suited as a method of determining,preserving and developing current, ongoing and future resources which often have competinggoals. Adaptive management is a dynamic, sustainable, systemic management process thatcontinuously measures social, economic, cultural, natural and environmental resources againstdevelopment goals and incorporates a broad range of interested persons' perspectives. Thus,adaptive management is a scientific and social process that can effectively guidedecision-making that can lead to harmony and unity between the demands of the developmentof human society and the requirements of economic, social, cultural and ecosystemsustainability. Based on this, this paper will combine the dynamics of rapid development ofShaanxi rural tourism and the dynamic management mode of adaptivemanagement, focusingon destinations of rural tourism development in eleven cities and one district of Shaanxiprovince. The methods used in this thesis will combine literature, law and data-gathering,qualitative and quantitative analysis, theory and practice. This paper applies life-cycle tourismdestination theory, the development of rural tourism theory, adaptive management theory,theories of tourism geography, the theory of sustainable development, inputting the differenthumanistic and natural conditions in the noted cities. Under field research?analysis, summary,evaluation, the paper sets up the framework of government administration, self management,product supply and demand management, infrastructure supply and demand management,spatial layout and planning management, personnel management, marketing management andother adaptive managements promotes the comprehensive, healthy and sustainabledevelopment of Shaanxi rural tourism.This thesis consists of six chapters. Chapter One is the preface which mainly describesthe major research background, basis, purpose and significance of the research, content andtechnical route. It also reviews and values the life-cycle theory of tourism destination, ruraltourism theory, adaptive management theory and relevant research both at home and abroad.Chapter Two discusses basic concepts and theories. In this part, the life-cycle theory oftourism destination, the development of rural tourism theory, the adaptive management theory and other related theories in tourism geography are raised.Chapter Three is one of the key parts of the thesis. It focuses on the development processof Shaanxi rural tourism, management mode development patterns, spatial distribution,product development, and the present condition of management, and makes a systematic andcomprehensive analysis of problems existing in the overall demand, supply, effect, humanity,nature, society, social ecology and other aspects, which are foundational to diagnosing theproblems related to the development of rural tourism of eleven cities and one district inShaanxi province. Chapters Four and Five are the core part of this paper. In the fourth chapterthrough the investigation analysis and comprehensive evaluation of tourists behavior,community residents' perception, attitude, supply system, environmental carrying capacity,the government management of the Rural Tourism of ten cities and one district in Shaanxiprovince, it can be concluded that Xi'an City, Baoji City, Hanzhong City, Ankang City,Yangling agricultural hi-tech industries demonstration zone are in the development stage ofthe life cycle of a tourist destination, Xianyang City, Weinan City, Tongchuan City are in thestarting stage and Yanan City and Yulin City are in the exploration stage.Chapter5diagnoses the problems of the rural tourism destination of ten cities and onedistrict in Shaanxi province which are in different stages of the life cycle of the touristdestination, and puts forth programs developed through the adaptive management process,which includes feedback, monitoring and implementation plans from the aspects of demand,supply, and effect on the environment Through the application of adaptive management, theconditions are continuously monitored and evaluated, and controlling countermeasures areimplemented according to the research results, after which, further adjusting of programsoccurs. Finally, Chapter Five provides results of the adaptive management framework appliedacross Shaanxi province, among cities in different stages of the tourist destination life cycle.Chapter Six contains a summary of the research, explaining the basic conclusion,innovations, the limitations of the study and future research directions.Through the model of "theory research and first-tier survey and practical application"?this paper applied the adaptive management framework in the study of rural tourism inShaanxi province. The results indicate that applying the adaptive management approach todecision-making in this context will effectively reduce the negative effects of rural tourismdevelopment and help to prolong the life cycle of rural tourism destinations in ShaanxiProvince. This paper also proposes several new research ideas to enrich and deepen relatedtheoretical research on rural tourism. Finally, the paper also suggests that the adaptivemanagement framework of rural tourism can also provide instruction and reference for themanagement of rural tourism in the northwest region and throughout the whole of China. |
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